--- title: "Ahmed Rafea — author profile and papers · Semitic languages" description: "Ahmed Rafea, American University in Cairo: 5 papers on Elamur Research (2003–2014), h-index 24 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Ahmed Rafea # Ahmed Rafea Ahmed Rafea has 5 papers in our library, in 2003–2014, most of them on [Semitic languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/semitic-languages/), [Machine translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/machine-translation/), [Sentiment & emotion](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/sentiment-emotion/); often with [Khaled Shaalan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/khaled-shaalan/), [Azza Abdel Monem](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/azza-abdel-monem/), [Ahmad Al Sallab](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmad-al-sallab/). 5 papers in our library · 2003–2014 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5058725522) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8109-1845) · [**h-index 24**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5058725522) · [131 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5058725522) · [2,879 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5058725522&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 5 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 14 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/cited-by/) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #7013](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/71/#star-7013) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Ahmed+Rafea) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Ahmed+Rafea) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Ahmed+Rafea) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Ahmed+Rafea) ## Affiliations [🎓**American University in Cairo** Cairo · Egypt 1993–2026 · 79 papersEmployment since 1999 · Professor and Chair, Computer Science and EngineeringEmployment since 1999 · Professor, Comuter Science and EngineeringEmployment since 1999 · Professor, Computer Science and Engineering*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/american-university-in-cairo/) · [🔬**Central Laboratory For Agricultural Expert Systems** Giza · Egypt 1994–2004 · 7 papers](https://ror.org/03e9cyb52) · [🎓**Cairo University** Giza · Egypt 1985–2007 · 6 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/cairo-university/) · [🏛️**Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation** Giza · Egypt 1994–2011 · 5 papers](https://ror.org/02e957z30) · [🔬**Agricultural Research Center** Giza · Egypt 1994–2004 · 5 papers](https://ror.org/05hcacp57) · [🎓**Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier** Toulouse · France 1976–1980Education 1976–1980 · PhD, Computer Science](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/universite-toulouse-iii-paul-sabatier/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 7 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Computer Science · 5 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Artificial Intelligence · 5 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Arts and Humanities · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Language and Linguistics · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Experimental and Cognitive Psychology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/psychology/experimental-and-cognitive-psychology/) · [Psychology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/psychology/) · [Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/computer-vision-and-pattern-recognition/) 🧭 Topics 4 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Semitic languages · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/semitic-languages/) · [Sentiment & emotion · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/sentiment-emotion/) · [Morphology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/morphology/) · [Machine translation · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/machine-translation/) ## Works by year ### 2010s [**2014** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/year/2014/) · [**2012** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/year/2012/) ### 2000s [**2009** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/year/2009/) · [**2006** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/year/2006/) · [**2003** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/year/2003/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[Preprocessing Egyptian Dialect Tweets for Sentiment Mining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shoukry-2012-preprocessing-egyptian-dialect-tweets-sentiment/)** *(2012 · 65 citations)* Arabic sentiment analysis has few resources, such as labeled corpora and polarity lexica, and dialectal social media text is especially noisy. 2. **[A chart parser for analyzing modern standard Arabic sentence](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/othman-2003-chart-parser-analyzing-modern-standard/)** *(2003 · 60 citations)* The paper presents a rule-based syntactic analyzer for Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). The authors argue that Arabic parsing is hard for four reasons: sentences are long, written text omits diacritics, word order is free, and personal pronouns are often implicit. Their system has two parts, both written in Prolog. The… 3. **[Automatic Arabic diacritics restoration based on deep nets](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sallab-2014-automatic-arabic-diacritics-restoration-based/)** *(2014 · 23 citations)* Modern Standard Arabic is usually written without diacritics, yet speech synthesis, translation and similar applications need them restored. 4. **[Mapping Interlingua Representations to Feature Structures of Arabic Sentences](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shaalan-2006-mapping-interlingua-representations-feature-structures/)** *(2006 · 5 citations)* In interlingua machine translation, the source sentence is first reduced to a meaning representation, and the target sentence is then generated from it. 5. **[Syntactic Generation of Arabic in Interlingua-based Machine Translation Framework](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shaalan-2009-syntactic-generation-arabic-interlingua-based/)** *(2009 · 2 citations)* The paper tackles generating Arabic text from a language-neutral meaning representation (Interlingua) within NESPOLE!, a multilingual speech-to-speech translation project for e-commerce and travel dialogues. ## Co-authors here 5 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Khaled Shaalan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/khaled-shaalan/) ×3 - [Azza Abdel Monem](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/azza-abdel-monem/) ×2 - [Ahmad Al Sallab](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmad-al-sallab/) - [Hazem Raafat](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hazem-raafat/) - [Mohsen Rashwan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mohsen-rashwan/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Machine Translation Summit (MT Summit)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/mtsummit/) ×2: [Machine Translation Summit (MT Summit) 2009](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/mtsummit/2009/), [Machine Translation Summit (MT Summit) 2003](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/mtsummit/2003/) - [Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/amta/): [AMTA 2012](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/amta/2012/) - [International Conference on the Challenge of Arabic for NLP/MT](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/bcs/): [International Conference on the Challenge of Arabic for NLP/MT 2006](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/bcs/2006/) - [EMNLP Workshop on Arabic Natural Language Processing (ANLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp-workshop-on-arabic-natural-language-processing-anlp/): [ANLP 2014](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp-workshop-on-arabic-natural-language-processing-anlp/2014/) ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 14 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); [10 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-rafea/cited-by/). Updated 31 October 2026