---
title: "Alexandra Birch — all works — Elamur Research"
description: "All 33 works of Alexandra Birch in the Elamur Research library, the most cited first: our summaries where we have them, else the original."
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/alexandra-birch/works/"
---
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# Alexandra Birch — all works

33 works · [← Alexandra Birch](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/alexandra-birch/)

1. **[Moses: Open Source Toolkit for Statistical Machine Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/P07-2045/) Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics Companion Volume Proceedings of the Demo and Poster Sessions · no summary yet**Philipp Koehn et al.*2007 · 7,797 citations*
2. **[Neural Machine Translation of Rare Words with Subword Units](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2016-neural-machine-translation-rare-words/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Rico Sennrich, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2016 · 4,067 citations*
3. **[Improving Neural Machine Translation Models with Monolingual Data ↗](https://aclanthology.org/P16-1009/) Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yet**Rico Sennrich, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2016 · 1,627 citations*
4. [**Marian: Fast Neural Machine Translation in C++ arXiv:1804.00344**Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt, Roman Grundkiewicz, Tomasz Dwojak, et al.*2018 · 507 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/junczys-dowmunt-2018-marian-fast-neural-machine-translation/)
5. **[Controlling Politeness in Neural Machine Translation via Side Constraints](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2016-controlling-politeness-neural-machine-translation/) [Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/naacl/)**Rico Sennrich, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2016 · 469 citations*
6. **[Edinburgh Neural Machine Translation Systems for WMT 16](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2016-edinburgh-neural-machine-translation-systems/) [Conference on Machine Translation: Shared Task Papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/conference-on-machine-translation-shared-task-papers/)**Rico Sennrich, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2016 · 358 citations*
7. [**Prompting Large Language Model for Machine Translation: A Case Study arXiv:2301.07069**Biao Zhang, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2023 · 294 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2023-prompting-large-language-model-machine/)
8. [**Evaluating Discourse Phenomena in Neural Machine Translation arXiv:1711.00513**Rachel Bawden, Rico Sennrich, Alexandra Birch, et al.*2017 · 253 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bawden-2017-evaluating-discourse-phenomena-neural-machine/)
9. **[Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/haddow-2022-survey-low-resource-machine-translation/) [Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/cl/)**Barry Haddow, Rachel Bawden, Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone, et al.*2022 · 251 citations*
10. **[Hallucinations in Large Multilingual Translation Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/guerreiro-2023-hallucinations-large-multilingual-translation-models/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Nuno M. Guerreiro, Duarte M. Alves, Jonas Waldendorf, et al.*2023 · 244 citations*
11. **[The University of Edinburgh's Neural MT Systems for WMT17](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2017-university-edinburgh-s-neural-mt/) [Conference on Machine Translation (WMT)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/wmt/)**Rico Sennrich, Alexandra Birch, Anna Currey, et al.*2017 · 228 citations*
12. **[Nematus: a Toolkit for Neural Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2017-nematus-toolkit-neural-machine-translation/) [Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/)**Rico Sennrich, Orhan Firat, Kyunghyun Cho, et al.*2017 · 206 citations*
13. **[LRscore for Evaluating Lexical and Reordering Quality in MT ↗](https://aclanthology.org/W10-1749/) Proceedings of the Joint Fifth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation and MetricsMATR · no summary yet**Alexandra Birch, Miles Osborne*2010 · 65 citations*
14. **[Reordering Metrics for MT ↗](https://aclanthology.org/P11-1103/) Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies · no summary yet**Alexandra Birch, Miles Osborne*2011 · 61 citations*
15. **[An Open Dataset and Model for Language Identification](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/burchell-2023-open-dataset-model-language-identification/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Laurie Burchell, Alexandra Birch, Nikolay Bogoychev, et al.*2023 · 60 citations*
16. [**HUME: Human UCCA-Based Evaluation of Machine Translation**Alexandra Birch, Omri Abend, Ondřej Bojar, et al.*Machine translation · 58 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/birch-2016-hume-human-ucca-based-evaluation/)
17. **[Soft Dependency Constraints for Reordering in Hierarchical Phrase-Based Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/D11-1079/) Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing · no summary yet**Yang Gao, Philipp Koehn, Alexandra Birch*2011 · 41 citations*
18. **[Extrinsic Evaluation of Machine Translation Metrics ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.730/) Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yet**Nikita Moghe et al.*2023 · 39 citations*
19. **[Towards Effective Disambiguation for Machine Translation with Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/iyer-2023-effective-disambiguation-machine-translation-large/) [Conference on Machine Translation (WMT)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/wmt/)**Vivek Iyer, Pinzhen Chen, Alexandra Birch*2023 · 38 citations*
20. **[Findings of the Fourth Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2020.ngt-1.1/) Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation · no summary yet**Kenneth Heafield et al.*2020 · 35 citations*
21. **[Retrieval-Augmented Multilingual Knowledge Editing](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2024-retrieval-augmented-multilingual-knowledge-editing/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Weixuan Wang, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2024 · 34 citations*
22. **[Machine Translation Meta Evaluation through Translation Accuracy Challenge Sets](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/moghe-2025-machine-translation-meta-evaluation-through/) [Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/cl/)**Nikita Moghe, Arnisa Fazla, Chantal Amrhein, et al.*2025 · 28 citations*
23. **[Findings of the Third Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/D19-5601/) Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation · no summary yet**Hiroaki Hayashi et al.*2019 · 28 citations*
24. **[The Feasibility of HMEANT as a Human MT Evaluation Metric ↗](https://aclanthology.org/W13-2203/) Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation · no summary yet**Alexandra Birch et al.*2013 · 23 citations*
25. **[Multilingual Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive Task](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ranaldi-2025-multilingual-retrieval-augmented-generation-knowledge/) [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/)**Leonardo Ranaldi, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2025 · 18 citations*
26. **[Quality or Quantity? On Data Scale and Diversity in Adapting Large Language Models for Low-Resource Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/iyer-2024-quality-quantity-data-scale-diversity/) [Conference on Machine Translation (WMT)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/wmt/)**Vivek Iyer; Bhavitvya Malik; Pavel Stepachev; Pinzhen Chen; Barry Haddow;, Alexandra Birch*2024 · 17 citations*
27. **[Findings of the Second Workshop on Neural Machine Translation and Generation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/W18-2701/) Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Neural Machine Translation and Generation · no summary yet**Alexandra Birch et al.*2018 · 16 citations*
28. **[Exploring gap filling as a cheaper alternative to reading comprehension questionnaires when evaluating machine translation for gisting ↗](https://aclanthology.org/W18-6320/) Proceedings of the Third Conference on Machine Translation: Research Papers · no summary yet**Mikel L. Forcada et al.*2018 · 13 citations*
29. **[Improving Multilingual Retrieval-Augmented Language Models through Dialectic Reasoning Argumentations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ranaldi-2025-improving-multilingual-retrieval-augmented-language/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**Leonardo Ranaldi, Federico Ranaldi, Fabio Massimo Zanzotto, et al.*2025 · 12 citations*
30. **[Modeling Selectional Preferences of Verbs and Nouns in String-to-Tree Machine Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/W16-2204/) Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation: Volume 1, Research Papers · no summary yet**Maria Nădejde, Alexandra Birch, Philipp Koehn*2016 · 4 citations*
31. **[Controlling What You Share: Assessing Language Model Adherence to Privacy Preferences](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ramirez-2026-controlling-what-you-share-assessing/) [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/)**Guillem Ramírez, Alexandra Birch, Ivan Titov*2026*
32. **[The Prosody of Emojis ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.1459/) Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yet**Giulio Zhou et al.*2026*
33. **[F-Actor: Controllable Conversational Behavior in Full-Duplex Models ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.242/) Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026 · no summary yet**Maike Züfle et al.*2026*