--- title: "Hugh Zhang — author profile and papers · Text generation" description: "Hugh Zhang, National Environment Agency: 2 papers on Elamur Research (2021–2025), h-index 10 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hugh-zhang/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hugh-zhang/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Hugh Zhang # Hugh Zhang Hugh Zhang has 2 papers in our library, in 2021–2025, most of them on [Text generation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/text-generation/); often with [Arvind Neelakantan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/arvind-neelakantan/), [Daniel Duckworth](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/daniel-duckworth/), [Daphne Ippolito](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/daphne-ippolito/). 2 papers in our library · 2021–2025 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5047201942) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8203-9106) · [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125902717) · [**h-index 10**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5047201942) · [45 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5047201942) · [649 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5047201942&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 2 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hugh-zhang/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 445 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hugh-zhang/cited-by/) · [3 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #4097](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/41/#star-4097) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Hugh+Zhang) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Hugh+Zhang) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Hugh+Zhang) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Hugh+Zhang) ## Affiliations [🏛️**Meteorological Service Singapore** Singapore · Singapore 2023–2026 · 14 papers*current*](https://ror.org/025sv2d63) · [🏛️**National Environment Agency** Singapore · Singapore 2026 · 2 papers*current*](https://ror.org/00z4nbg03) · [🎓**Harvard University** Cambridge · United States 2022–2024 · 6 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/harvard-university/) · [🎓**Stanford University** Stanford · United States 2020–2022 · 2 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/stanford-university/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 2 more institutions on single bylines are not listed. ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 6 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Artificial Intelligence · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Arts and Humanities · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Language and Linguistics · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/computer-vision-and-pattern-recognition/) · [Mathematics · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/mathematics/) 🧭 Topics 1 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Text generation · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/text-generation/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2025** 1 paper Hugh Zhang's papers of 2025](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/phan-2025-humanity-s-last-exam/) · [**2021** 1 paper Hugh Zhang's papers of 2021](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2021-trading-off-diversity-quality-natural/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[Humanity's Last Exam](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/phan-2025-humanity-s-last-exam/)** *(2025 · 235 citations)* Popular benchmarks such as MMLU are now close to saturated, so they no longer tell us much about how capable frontier LLMs have become. 2. **[Trading Off Diversity and Quality in Natural Language Generation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2021-trading-off-diversity-quality-natural/)** *(2021 · 85 citations)* Open-ended generation tasks such as dialogue or storytelling need outputs that are both good and varied, and the decoding algorithm largely determines this balance. ## All works 5 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 2 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them. 1. **[Humanity's Last Exam](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/phan-2025-humanity-s-last-exam/) [Nature](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/nature/)**Long Phan, Alice Gatti, Ziwen Han, et al.*2025 · 235 citations* 2. **[Unifying Human and Statistical Evaluation for Natural Language Generation ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.02792) arXiv:1904.02792 · no summary yet**Tatsunori B. Hashimoto, Hugh Zhang, Percy Liang*2019 · 135 citations* 3. **[A Careful Examination of Large Language Model Performance on Grade School Arithmetic ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.00332) arXiv:2405.00332 · no summary yet**Hugh Zhang et al.*2024 · 98 citations* 4. [**Trading Off Diversity and Quality in Natural Language Generation Proceedings of the Workshop on Human Evaluation of NLP Systems (HumEval)**Hugh Zhang, Daniel Duckworth, Daphne Ippolito, et al.*2021 · 85 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2021-trading-off-diversity-quality-natural/) 5. **[Chain-of-Thought Reasoning is a Policy Improvement Operator ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.08589) arXiv:2309.08589 · no summary yet**Hugh Zhang, David C. Parkes*2023 · 11 citations* ## Co-authors here 6 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Arvind Neelakantan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/arvind-neelakantan/) - [Daniel Duckworth](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/daniel-duckworth/) - [Daphne Ippolito](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/daphne-ippolito/) - [Long Phan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/long-phan/) - [Nathaniel Li](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/nathaniel-li/) - [Ziwen Han](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ziwen-han/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Nature](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/nature/): [Nature 2025](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/nature/2025/) - Proceedings of the Workshop on Human Evaluation of NLP Systems (HumEval) ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 445 times (of the 141,840 papers whose bibliographies we read); [54 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hugh-zhang/cited-by/). Updated 24 October 2026