--- title: "Irene Solaiman — author profile and papers — Elamur Research" description: "Irene Solaiman, Iowa State University: 2 papers on Elamur Research (2019–2021), h-index 7 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and who cites…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Irene Solaiman # Irene Solaiman Irene Solaiman has 2 papers in our library, in 2019–2021, most of them on [Language models & pretraining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/); often with [Alec Radford](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/alec-radford/), [Amanda Askell](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/amanda-askell/), [Ariel Herbert-Voss](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ariel-herbert-voss/). 2 papers in our library · 2019–2021 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5041785132) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5845-1938) · [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131162922) · [**h-index 7**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5041785132) · [13 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5041785132) · [1,387 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5041785132&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 2 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 1,699 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/cited-by/) · [1 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #3471](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/35/#star-3471) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Irene+Solaiman) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Irene+Solaiman) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Irene+Solaiman) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Irene+Solaiman) ## Affiliations [🎓**Iowa State University** Ames · United States 2026 · 1 paper*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/iowa-state-university/) · [🏢**Hugging Face** New York · United States 2023–2025 · 2 papersEmployment · Policy Director](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/hugging-face/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 1 more institution on single bylines are not listed. ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 6 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Artificial Intelligence · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Arts and Humanities · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Language and Linguistics · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Safety Research · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/safety-research/) · [Social Sciences · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/) 🧭 Topics 1 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Language models & pretraining · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2021** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/year/2021/) ### 2010s [**2019** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/year/2019/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[Release Strategies and the Social Impacts of Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/solaiman-2019-release-strategies-social-impacts-language/)** *(2019 · 554 citations)* The report asks how a lab should publish a strong text generator whose output could feed fake news, impersonation or automated abuse, without giving up its benefits. 2. **[Process for Adapting Language Models to Society (PALMS) with Values-Targeted Datasets](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/solaiman-2021-process-adapting-language-models-society/)** *(2021 · 136 citations)* Large pretrained language models such as GPT-3 can produce biased, toxic, or culturally inappropriate text. Retraining them from scratch for every desired behaviour is impractical, so the authors propose PALMS. PALMS is an iterative recipe for steering a pretrained model toward a chosen set of values. The steps are: ## All works 3 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 2 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them. 1. **[BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.05100) arXiv:2211.05100 · no summary yet**BigScience Workshop et al.*2022 · 1,606 citations* 2. [**Release Strategies and the Social Impacts of Language Models arXiv:1908.09203**Irene Solaiman, Miles Brundage, Jack Clark, et al.*2019 · 554 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/solaiman-2019-release-strategies-social-impacts-language/) 3. [**Process for Adapting Language Models to Society (PALMS) with Values-Targeted Datasets arXiv:2106.10328**Irene Solaiman, Christy Dennison OpenAI)*2021 · 136 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/solaiman-2021-process-adapting-language-models-society/) ## Co-authors here 8 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Alec Radford](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/alec-radford/) - [Amanda Askell](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/amanda-askell/) - [Ariel Herbert-Voss](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ariel-herbert-voss/) - [Gretchen Krueger](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/gretchen-krueger/) - [Jack Clark](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jack-clark/) - [Jeff Wu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jeff-wu/) - [Jong Wook Kim](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jong-wook-kim/) - [Miles Brundage](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/miles-brundage/) ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 1,699 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); [427 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/irene-solaiman/cited-by/). Updated 2 November 2026