--- title: "Lea Frermann — author profile and papers — Elamur Research" description: "Lea Frermann, The University of Melbourne: 5 papers on Elamur Research (2016–2026), h-index 11 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Lea Frermann # Lea Frermann Lea Frermann has 5 papers in our library, in 2016–2026, most of them on [English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/english/), [Language models & pretraining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/), [Idioms & multiword expressions](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/multiword-expressions/); often with [Mirella Lapata](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mirella-lapata/), [Jinrui Yang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jinrui-yang/), [Matteo Guida](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/matteo-guida/). 5 papers in our library · 2016–2026 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5025156794) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9712-1188) · [**h-index 11**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5025156794) · [130 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5025156794) · [531 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5025156794&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 5 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 103 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/cited-by/) · [5 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #5385](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/54/#star-5385) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Lea+Frermann) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Lea+Frermann) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Lea+Frermann) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Lea+Frermann) ## Affiliations [🎓**The University of Melbourne** Melbourne · Australia 2019–2026 · 98 papersEmployment since 2019 · Lecturer, School of Computing and Information Systems*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/the-university-of-melbourne/) · [🎓**University of Tübingen** Tübingen · Germany 2026 · 3 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-tubingen/) · [🏛️**Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Tübingen** Tübingen · Germany 2026 · 1 paper*current*](https://ror.org/03kfnwp54) · [🎓**University of Edinburgh** Edinburgh · United Kingdom 2014–2019 · 8 papersEmployment 2016–2017 · Research Associate, School of Informatics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-edinburgh/) · [🏢**Amazon** Berlin · Germany 2017–2019 · 2 papersEmployment 2018–2019 · Applied Scientist](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/amazon-germany/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 6 more institutions on single bylines are not listed. ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 13 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Arts and Humanities · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Artificial Intelligence · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Language and Linguistics · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Social Sciences · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/) · [Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/computer-vision-and-pattern-recognition/) · [Safety Research · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/safety-research/) · [Gender Studies · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/gender-studies/) · [Sociology and Political Science · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/sociology-and-political-science/) · [Cognitive Neuroscience · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/neuroscience/cognitive-neuroscience/) · [Neuroscience · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/neuroscience/) · [Experimental and Cognitive Psychology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/psychology/experimental-and-cognitive-psychology/) · [Psychology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/psychology/) 🧭 Topics 4 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Historical linguistics & language change · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-change/) · [English · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/english/) · [Language models & pretraining · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/) · [Idioms & multiword expressions · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/multiword-expressions/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2026** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/year/2026/) · [**2025** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/year/2025/) · [**2022** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/year/2022/) ### 2010s [**2018** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/year/2018/) · [**2016** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/year/2016/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[A Bayesian Model of Diachronic Meaning Change](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/frermann-2016-bayesian-model-diachronic-meaning-change/)** *(2016 · 206 citations)* Frermann and Lapata address the automatic tracking of how word meanings evolve over history, which can support lexicography as well as information retrieval and question answering. 2. **[Whodunnit? Crime Drama as a Case for Natural Language Understanding](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/frermann-2018-whodunnit-crime-drama-as-case/)** *(2018 · 22 citations)* Frermann, Cohen and Lapata propose crime drama as a testbed for natural language understanding. Unlike most comprehension benchmarks, it combines several modalities, spoken dialogue and reasoning that unfolds over time. Every CSI episode asks who committed the crime and later reveals the answer, so the supervision… 3. **[Professional Presentation and Projected Power: A Case Study of Implicit Gender Information in English CVs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yang-2022-professional-presentation-projected-power-case/)** *(2022 · 6 citations)* The paper asks whether self-identified men and women write their CVs differently, and whether that difference is visible to classifiers once obvious gender cues are removed. 4. **[Comparing Moral Values in Western English-speaking societies and LLMs with Word Associations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xiang-2025-comparing-moral-values-western-english/)** *(2025 · 3 citations)* Asking an LLM about its moral views through questionnaire items is unreliable. Its answers change with the wording of the prompt, and the questionnaires may already be in its training data. The authors take an indirect route through the model's "mental lexicon." They give Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct the same set of about… 5. **[Not all ANIMALs are equal: metaphorical framing through source domains and semantic frames](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/otmakhova-2026-not-all-animals-are-equal/)** *(2026)* Metaphor studies in NLP usually label a metaphor with its source domain, such as WATER or ANIMAL. A source domain alone cannot explain why a metaphor carries a particular connotation. Calling migrants a "flood" and calling them "waves" both draw on WATER, yet they suggest very different attitudes. The authors argue… ## All works 10 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 5 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them. 1. **[A Bayesian Model of Diachronic Meaning Change](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/frermann-2016-bayesian-model-diachronic-meaning-change/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Lea Frermann, Mirella Lapata*2016 · 206 citations* 2. **[Whodunnit? Crime Drama as a Case for Natural Language Understanding](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/frermann-2018-whodunnit-crime-drama-as-case/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Lea Frermann, Shay B. Cohen, Mirella Lapata*2018 · 22 citations* 3. **[Super-SCOTUS: A multi-sourced dataset for the Supreme Court of the US ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2023.nllp-1.20/) Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2023 · no summary yet**Biaoyan Fang et al.*2023 · 14 citations* 4. **[It's not only What You Say, It's also Who It's Said to: Counterfactual Analysis of Interactive Behavior in the Courtroom ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2023.ijcnlp-short.22/) Proceedings of the 13th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 3rd Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers) · no summary yet**Biaoyan Fang et al.*2023 · 6 citations* 5. **[Professional Presentation and Projected Power: A Case Study of Implicit Gender Information in English CVs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yang-2022-professional-presentation-projected-power-case/) [Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Computational Social Science](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/nlpcss/)**Jinrui Yang, Sheilla Njoto, Marc Cheong, et al.*2022 · 6 citations* 6. **[More than Votes? Voting and Language based Partisanship in the US Supreme Court ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.306/) Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023 · no summary yet**Biaoyan Fang et al.*2023 · 4 citations* 7. **[Comparing Moral Values in Western English-speaking societies and LLMs with Word Associations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xiang-2025-comparing-moral-values-western-english/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Chaoyi Xiang, Chunhua Liu, Simon De Deyne, et al.*2025 · 3 citations* 8. **[Place Matters: Comparing LLM Hallucination Rates for Place-Based Legal Queries ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.06700) arXiv:2511.06700 · no summary yet**Damian Curran et al.*2025 · 3 citations* 9. **[Moderation Matters: Measuring Conversational Moderation Impact in English as a Second Language Group Discussion ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.106/) Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025 · no summary yet**Rena Gao et al.*2025 · 2 citations* 10. **[Not all ANIMALs are equal: metaphorical framing through source domains and semantic frames](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/otmakhova-2026-not-all-animals-are-equal/) [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/)**Yulia Otmakhova, Matteo Guida, Lea Frermann*2026* ## Co-authors here 6 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Mirella Lapata](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mirella-lapata/) ×2 - [Jinrui Yang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jinrui-yang/) - [Matteo Guida](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/matteo-guida/) - [Shay B. Cohen](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/shay-b-cohen/) - [Simon De Deyne](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/simon-de-deyne/) - [Yulia Otmakhova](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/yulia-otmakhova/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/) ×2: [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL) 2018](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/2018/), [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL) 2016](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/2016/) - [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/): [ACL 2025](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/2025/) - [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/): [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/2026/) - [Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Computational Social Science](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/nlpcss/): [Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Computational Social Science 2022](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/nlpcss/2022/) - Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025 - Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023 - Proceedings of the 13th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 3rd Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers) - Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2023 ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 103 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); [13 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lea-frermann/cited-by/). Updated 1 November 2026