--- title: "Mark Gales — author profile and papers — Elamur Research" description: "Mark Gales, University of Cambridge: 3 papers on Elamur Research (2016–2024), h-index 53 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and who cites…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mark-gales/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mark-gales/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Mark Gales # Mark Gales Mark Gales has 3 papers in our library, in 2016–2024, most of them on [Language models & pretraining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/), [Text generation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/text-generation/), [Dialogue systems](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/dialogue-systems/); often with [Adian Liusie](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/adian-liusie/), [David Vandyke](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/david-vandyke/), [Diane Litman](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/diane-litman/). 3 papers in our library · 2016–2024 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5050766679) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8219) · [**h-index 53**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5050766679) · [567 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5050766679) · [15,233 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5050766679&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 3 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mark-gales/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 138 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mark-gales/cited-by/) · [6 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #4673](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/47/#star-4673) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Mark+Gales) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Mark+Gales) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Mark+Gales) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Mark+Gales) ## Affiliations [🎓**University of Cambridge** Cambridge · United Kingdom 1992–2026 · 361 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-cambridge/) · [🔬**IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center** Yorktown Heights · United States 1999–2002 · 8 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/labs/ibm-research-thomas-j-watson-research-center/) · [🏢**Toshiba** Weybridge · United Kingdom 2009–2014 · 6 papers](https://ror.org/054hmd463) · [🏢**Toshiba** Tokyo · Japan 2012–2014 · 5 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/toshiba/) · [🏢**IBM** Armonk · United States 1999–2002 · 3 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/ibm/) · [🏢**Cambridge University Press** Cambridge · United Kingdom 2023 · 2 papers](https://ror.org/03jsdjx34) · [🏢**Yandex** Moscow · Russia 2019–2020 · 2 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/yandex/) · [🎓**Chinese University of Hong Kong** Hong Kong · Hong Kong 2017 · 2 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/chinese-university-of-hong-kong/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 3 more institutions on single bylines are not listed. ## Concepts, shelves and topics Of its works in our library: the number of works on each and its rating among them. 📚 Shelves 4 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Artificial Intelligence · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Arts and Humanities · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Language and Linguistics · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) 🧭 Topics 4 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Language models & pretraining · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/) · [Text generation · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/text-generation/) · [Dialogue systems · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/dialogue-systems/) · [English · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/english/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2024** 2 papers Mark Gales's papers of 2024](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mark-gales/year/2024/) ### 2010s [**2016** 1 paper Towards Using Conversations with Spoken Dialogue Systems in the Automated Assessment of Non-Native Speakers of English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/litman-2016-conversations-spoken-dialogue-systems-automated/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[LLM Comparative Assessment: Zero-shot NLG Evaluation through Pairwise Comparisons using Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liusie-2024-llm-comparative-assessment-zero-shot/)** *(2024 · 86 citations)* Judging the quality of generated text usually depends on costly human annotation or on metrics built for a single task and attribute. 2. **[Is LLM-as-a-Judge Robust? Investigating Universal Adversarial Attacks on Zero-shot LLM Assessment](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/raina-2024-is-llm-as-judge-robust/)** *(2024 · 85 citations)* The paper examines whether LLMs used as zero-shot judges can be manipulated by adversaries. Judge-LLMs now grade exams and rank models on benchmarks, but their robustness to deliberate gaming had not been studied. The authors append a short universal phrase to any candidate text and test whether it inflates the score… 3. **[Towards Using Conversations with Spoken Dialogue Systems in the Automated Assessment of Non-Native Speakers of English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/litman-2016-conversations-spoken-dialogue-systems-automated/)** *(2016 · 26 citations)* Human-run English speaking exams usually include a live conversation with an examiner, but automated scoring has so far handled only monologue tasks, such as answering a prompt. ## All works 9 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 3 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them. 1. **[LLM Comparative Assessment: Zero-shot NLG Evaluation through Pairwise Comparisons using Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liusie-2024-llm-comparative-assessment-zero-shot/) [Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/)**Adian Liusie, Potsawee Manakul, Mark Gales*2024 · 86 citations* 2. **[Is LLM-as-a-Judge Robust? Investigating Universal Adversarial Attacks on Zero-shot LLM Assessment](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/raina-2024-is-llm-as-judge-robust/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**Vyas Raina, Adian Liusie, Mark Gales*2024 · 85 citations* 3. **[Towards Using Conversations with Spoken Dialogue Systems in the Automated Assessment of Non-Native Speakers of English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/litman-2016-conversations-spoken-dialogue-systems-automated/) [Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue (SIGDIAL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/sigdial/)**Diane Litman, Steve Young, Mark Gales, et al.*2016 · 26 citations* 4. **[Off-topic Response Detection for Spontaneous Spoken English Assessment](https://aclanthology.org/P16-1102/) Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · original ↗ · no summary yet**Andrey Malinin et al.*2016 · 17 citations* 5. **[Exploiting the English Vocabulary Profile for L2 word-level vocabulary assessment with LLMs](https://aclanthology.org/2025.bea-1.45/) Proceedings of the 20th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA 2025) · original ↗ · no summary yet**Stefano Bannò, Kate M. Knill, Mark J. F. Gales*2025 · 8 citations* 6. **[Speak & Improve Corpus 2025: an L2 English Speech Corpus for Language Assessment and Feedback](https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.11986) arXiv:2412.11986 · original ↗ · no summary yet**Kate Knill et al.*2024 · 4 citations* 7. **[Speak & Improve Challenge 2025: Tasks and Baseline Systems](https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.11985) arXiv:2412.11985 · original ↗ · no summary yet**Mengjie Qian et al.*2024 · 3 citations* 8. **[Exploiting the English Grammar Profile for L2 grammatical analysis with LLMs](https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17171) arXiv:2603.17171 · original ↗ · no summary yet**Stefano Banno et al.*2026 · 1 citation* 9. **[Controlling Implicit Shortcut Reliance in L2 Spoken English Auto-markers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.16085) arXiv:2607.16085 · original ↗ · no summary yet**Shilin Gao, Mark J. F. Gales, Kate M. Knill*2026* ## Co-authors here 4 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Adian Liusie](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/adian-liusie/) ×2 - [David Vandyke](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/david-vandyke/) - [Diane Litman](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/diane-litman/) - [Steve Young](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/steve-young/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/): [EACL 2024](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/2024/) - [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/): [EMNLP 2024](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/2024/) - [Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue (SIGDIAL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/sigdial/): [SIGDIAL 2016](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/sigdial/2016/) - Proceedings of the 20th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA 2025) - Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 138 times (of the 141,840 papers whose bibliographies we read); [9 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/mark-gales/cited-by/). Updated 24 October 2026