--- title: "Muhammad Khalifa — author profile and papers in our library" description: "Muhammad Khalifa, University of Michigan: 4 papers on Elamur Research (2021–2026), h-index 6 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and who…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Muhammad Khalifa # Muhammad Khalifa Muhammad Khalifa has 4 papers in our library, in 2021–2026, most of them on [Language models & pretraining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/), [Reasoning](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/reasoning/), [Part-of-speech tagging](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/part-of-speech-tagging/); often with [Lu Wang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lu-wang/), [David Wadden](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/david-wadden/), [Emma Strubell](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/emma-strubell/). 4 papers in our library · 2021–2026 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5037439967) · [**h-index 6**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5037439967) · [15 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5037439967) · [167 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5037439967&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 4 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 39 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/cited-by/) · [1 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #7638](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/77/#star-7638) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Muhammad+Khalifa) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Muhammad+Khalifa) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Muhammad+Khalifa) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Muhammad+Khalifa) ## Affiliations [🎓**University of Michigan** Ann Arbor · United States 2021–2026 · 7 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-michigan/) · [🏢**Nvidia** Santa Clara · United States 2026 · 1 paper*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/nvidia/) · [🎓**Cairo University** Giza · Egypt 2020–2021 · 5 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/cairo-university/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 1 more institution on single bylines are not listed. ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 5 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Arts and Humanities · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Artificial Intelligence · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Language and Linguistics · 4 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/computer-vision-and-pattern-recognition/) 🧭 Topics 5 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Language models & pretraining · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/) · [Reasoning · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/reasoning/) · [Part-of-speech tagging · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/part-of-speech-tagging/) · [Semitic languages · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/semitic-languages/) · [Evaluation & benchmarks · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/evaluation-benchmarks/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2026** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/year/2026/) · [**2025** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/year/2025/) · [**2024** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/year/2024/) · [**2021** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/year/2021/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[Self-Training Pre-Trained Language Models for Zero- and Few-Shot Multi-Dialectal Arabic Sequence Labeling](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khalifa-2021-self-training-pre-trained-language/)** *(2021 · 25 citations)* Labeled data for Arabic NLP is mostly in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), while everyday online writing is in dialects. 2. **[Source-Aware Training Enables Knowledge Attribution in Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khalifa-2024-source-aware-training-enables-knowledge/)** *(2024 · 21 citations)* LLMs absorb large amounts of factual knowledge during pretraining but cannot say which documents it came from. 3. **[On Many-Shot In-Context Learning for Long-Context Evaluation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zou-2025-many-shot-context-learning-long/)** *(2025 · 8 citations)* Most long-context benchmarks test whether a model can find a specific piece of information, so they say little about global understanding of a long input. 4. **[Logit Arithmetic Elicits Long Reasoning Capabilities Without Training](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2026-logit-arithmetic-elicits-long-reasoning/)** *(2026 · 2 citations)* Large reasoning models acquire long chain-of-thought behaviours, such as backtracking and self-checking, through costly post-training. ## All works 5 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 4 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them. 1. **[Self-Training Pre-Trained Language Models for Zero- and Few-Shot Multi-Dialectal Arabic Sequence Labeling](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khalifa-2021-self-training-pre-trained-language/) [Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/)**Muhammad Khalifa, Muhammad Abdul-Mageed, Khaled Shaalan*2021 · 25 citations* 2. [**Source-Aware Training Enables Knowledge Attribution in Language Models arXiv:2404.01019**Muhammad Khalifa, David Wadden, Emma Strubell, et al.*2024 · 21 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khalifa-2024-source-aware-training-enables-knowledge/) 3. **[On Many-Shot In-Context Learning for Long-Context Evaluation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zou-2025-many-shot-context-learning-long/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Kaijian Zou, Muhammad Khalifa, Lu Wang*2025 · 8 citations* 4. **[Zero-Resource Multi-Dialectal Arabic Natural Language Understanding ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.06591) arXiv:2104.06591 · no summary yet**Muhammad Khalifa, Hesham Hassan, Aly Fahmy*2021 · 8 citations* 5. **[Logit Arithmetic Elicits Long Reasoning Capabilities Without Training](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2026-logit-arithmetic-elicits-long-reasoning/) [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/)**Yunxiang Zhang, Muhammad Khalifa, Lechen Zhang, et al.*2026 · 2 citations* ## Co-authors here 12 of 13 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Lu Wang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lu-wang/) ×3 - [David Wadden](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/david-wadden/) - [Emma Strubell](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/emma-strubell/) - [Farima Fatahi Bayat](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/farima-fatahi-bayat/) - [Hao Peng](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/hao-peng/) - [Honglak Lee](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/honglak-lee/) - [Iz Beltagy](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/iz-beltagy/) - [Khaled Shaalan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/khaled-shaalan/) - [Lechen Zhang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lechen-zhang/) - [Muhammad Abdul-Mageed](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-abdul-mageed/) - [Xin Liu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/xin-liu/) - [Xinliang Frederick Zhang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/xinliang-frederick-zhang/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/): [ACL 2025](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/2025/) - [Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/): [EACL 2021](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/2021/) - [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/): [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/2026/) ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 39 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); [14 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/muhammad-khalifa/cited-by/). Updated 31 October 2026