---
title: "Noah A. Smith — all works, page 2 — Elamur Research"
description: "All 148 works of Noah A. Smith in the Elamur Research library, the most cited first: our summaries where we have them, else the original."
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/page/2/"
---
[Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/page/2/)

[home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / [Noah A. Smith](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/) / [all works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/) / page 2

# Noah A. Smith — all works

148 works · page 2 of 2 · 101–148 · [← Noah A. Smith](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/)

[← prev](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/) [1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/) **2**

101. **[Provable Limitations of Acquiring Meaning from Ungrounded Form: What Will Future Language Models Understand?](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/merrill-2021-provable-limitations-acquiring-meaning-ungrounded/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**William Merrill, Yoav Goldberg, Roy Schwartz, et al.*2021 · 89 citations*
102. **[Frame-Semantic Role Labeling with Heterogeneous Annotations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kshirsagar-2015-frame-semantic-role-labeling-heterogeneous/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Meghana Kshirsagar, Sam Thomson, Nathan Schneider, et al.*2015 · 88 citations*
103. **[Probabilistic Frame-Semantic Parsing](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/das-2010-probabilistic-frame-semantic-parsing/) [Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/naacl/)**Dipanjan Das, Nathan Schneider, Desai Chen, et al.*2010 · 87 citations*
104. [**Tree Edit Models for Recognizing Textual Entailments, Paraphrases, and Answers to Questions**Michael Heilman, Noah A. Smith*English · 87 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/heilman-2010-tree-edit-models-recognizing-textual/)
105. **[CMU at SemEval-2016 Task 8: Graph-based AMR Parsing with Infinite Ramp Loss ↗](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1186/) Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2016) · no summary yet**Jeffrey Flanigan et al.*2016 · 85 citations*
106. **[Visual Sketchpad: Sketching as a Visual Chain of Thought for Multimodal Language Models ↗](https://doi.org/10.52202/079017-4423) neural information processing systems · no summary yet**Xingyu Fu et al.*2024 · 84 citations*
107. **[PromptCap: Prompt-Guided Image Captioning for VQA with GPT-3 ↗](https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv51070.2023.00277) IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · no summary yet**Yushi Hu et al.*2023 · 84 citations*
108. **[What Do Recurrent Neural Network Grammars Learn About Syntax? ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.05774) arXiv:1611.05774 · no summary yet**Adhiguna Kuncoro et al.*2016 · 83 citations*
109. **[A Formal Hierarchy of RNN Architectures ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.43/) Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics · no summary yet**William Merrill et al.*2020 · 82 citations*
110. **[Tuning Language Models by Proxy ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.08565) arXiv:2401.08565 · no summary yet**Alisa Liu et al.*2024 · 79 citations*
111. **[DEMix Layers: Disentangling Domains for Modular Language Modeling ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.05036) arXiv:2108.05036 · no summary yet**Suchin Gururangan et al.*2021 · 76 citations*
112. **[Sounding Board: A User-Centric and Content-Driven Social Chatbot ↗](https://aclanthology.org/N18-5020/) Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Demonstrations · no summary yet**Hao Fang et al.*2018 · 73 citations*
113. **[Turbo Parsers: Dependency Parsing by Approximate Variational Inference](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/martins-2010-turbo-parsers-dependency-parsing-approximate/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**André Martins, Noah Smith, Eric Xing, et al.*2010 · 69 citations*
114. **[Improving Transformer Models by Reordering their Sublayers ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.270/) Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics · no summary yet**Ofir Press, Noah A. Smith, Omer Levy*2020 · 68 citations*
115. **[MUSE: Machine Unlearning Six-Way Evaluation for Language Models ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.06460) arXiv (Cornell University) · no summary yet**Weijia Shi et al.*2024 · 65 citations*
116. **[Unsupervised Structure Prediction with Non-Parallel Multilingual Guidance](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/cohen-2011-unsupervised-structure-prediction-non-parallel/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**Shay B. Cohen, Dipanjan Das, Noah A. Smith*2011 · 62 citations*
117. [**In-context Pretraining: Language Modeling Beyond Document Boundaries arXiv:2310.10638**Weijia Shi, Sewon Min, Maria Lomeli, et al.*2023 · 61 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shi-2023-context-pretraining-language-modeling-document/)
118. **[Distilling an Ensemble of Greedy Dependency Parsers into One MST Parser ↗](https://aclanthology.org/D16-1180/) Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing · no summary yet**Adhiguna Kuncoro et al.*2016 · 57 citations*
119. **[The Art of Saying No: Contextual Noncompliance in Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/brahman-2024-art-saying-no-contextual-noncompliance/) [Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/neural-information-processing-systems/)**Faeze Brahman, Sachin Kumar, Vidhisha Balachandran, et al.*2024 · 56 citations*
120. **[Unpacking DPO and PPO: Disentangling Best Practices for Learning from Preference Feedback](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ivison-2024-unpacking-dpo-ppo-disentangling-best/) [Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/neural-information-processing-systems/)**Hamish Ivison, Yizhong Wang, Jiacheng Liu, et al.*2024 · 50 citations*
121. **[Wider Pipelines: N-Best Alignments and Parses in MT Training ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2008.amta-papers.18/) Proceedings of the 8th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Research Papers · no summary yet**Ashish Venugopal et al.*2008 · 46 citations*
122. **[SILO Language Models: Isolating Legal Risk In a Nonparametric Datastore ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04430) arXiv:2308.04430 · no summary yet**Sewon Min et al.*2023 · 45 citations*
123. **[Breaking the Curse of Multilinguality with Cross-lingual Expert Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/blevins-2024-breaking-curse-multilinguality-cross-lingual/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**Terra Blevins, Tomasz Limisiewicz, Suchin Gururangan, et al.*2024 · 42 citations*
124. **[Recall-Oriented Learning of Named Entities in Arabic Wikipedia](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mohit-2012-recall-oriented-learning-named-entities/) [Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/eacl/)**Behrang Mohit, Nathan Schneider, Rishav Bhowmick, et al.*2012 · 42 citations*
125. **[Semi-Supervised Frame-Semantic Parsing for Unknown Predicates](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/das-2011-semi-supervised-frame-semantic-parsing/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Dipanjan Das, Noah A. Smith*2011 · 41 citations*
126. [**An Empirical Comparison of Parsing Methods for Stanford Dependencies**Lingpeng Kong, Noah A. Smith*English · 39 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kong-2014-empirical-comparison-parsing-methods-stanford/)
127. **[Scaling Expert Language Models with Unsupervised Domain Discovery ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.14177) arXiv:2303.14177 · no summary yet**Suchin Gururangan et al.*2023 · 38 citations*
128. **[Promoting Graph Awareness in Linearized Graph-to-Text Generation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-acl.82/) Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021 · no summary yet**Alexander Hoyle, Ana Marasović, Noah A. Smith*2021 · 38 citations*
129. **[The Utility of Text: The Case of Amicus Briefs and the Supreme Court ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.7985) arXiv:1409.7985 · no summary yet**Yanchuan Sim, Bryan Routledge, Noah A. Smith*2014 · 36 citations*
130. **[Infusing Finetuning with Semantic Dependencies](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wu-2021-infusing-finetuning-semantic-dependencies/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Zhaofeng Wu, Hao Peng, Noah A. Smith*2021 · 35 citations*
131. **[What Can Natural Language Processing Do for Peer Review? ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.06563) arXiv:2405.06563 · no summary yet**Ilia Kuznetsov et al.*2024 · 33 citations*
132. **[Dynamic Language Models for Streaming Text](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yogatama-2014-dynamic-language-models-streaming-text/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Dani Yogatama, Chong Wang, Bryan R. Routledge, et al.*2014 · 32 citations*
133. [**Feature-Rich Translation by Quasi-Synchronous Lattice Parsing**Kevin Gimpel, Noah A. Smith*Machine translation · 31 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gimpel-2009-feature-rich-translation-quasi-synchronous/)
134. **[Morphosyntactic probing of multilingual BERT models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/acs-2023-morphosyntactic-probing-multilingual-bert-models/) [Natural Language Engineering](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/natural-language-engineering/)**Judit Acs, Endre Hamerlik, Roy Schwartz, et al.*2023 · 26 citations*
135. **[LSTMs Exploit Linguistic Attributes of Data ↗](https://aclanthology.org/W18-3024/) Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Representation Learning for NLP · no summary yet**Nelson F. Liu et al.*2018 · 26 citations*
136. **[Linguistic Markers of Status in Food Culture: Bourdieu’s Distinction in a Menu Corpus ↗](https://doi.org/10.22148/16.007) Journal of Cultural Analytics · no summary yet**Dan Jurafsky et al.*2016 · 25 citations*
137. [**Coarse Lexical Semantic Annotation with Supersenses: An Arabic Case Study**Nathan Schneider, Behrang Mohit, Kemal Oflazer, et al.*English · 24 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/schneider-2012-coarse-lexical-semantic-annotation-supersenses/)
138. **[The Leaderboard Illusion ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20879) arXiv:2504.20879 · no summary yet**Shivalika Singh et al.*2025 · 22 citations*
139. **[MAGNET: Improving the Multilingual Fairness of Language Models with Adaptive Gradient-Based Tokenization](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ahia-2024-magnet-improving-multilingual-fairness-language/) [Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/neural-information-processing-systems/)**Orevaoghene Ahia, Sachin Kumar, Hila Gonen, et al.*2024 · 19 citations*
140. **[Phrase Dependency Machine Translation with Quasi-Synchronous Tree-to-Tree Features ↗](https://aclanthology.org/J14-2005/) Computational Linguistics · no summary yet**Kevin Gimpel, Noah A. Smith*2014 · 15 citations*
141. **[Supersense Tagging for Arabic: the MT-in-the-Middle Attack](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/schneider-2013-supersense-tagging-arabic-mt-middle/) [Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/naacl/)**Nathan Schneider, Behrang Mohit, Chris Dyer, et al.*2013 · 10 citations*
142. **[PointArena: Probing Multimodal Grounding Through Language-Guided Pointing ↗](https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09990) arXiv (Cornell University) · no summary yet**Cheng, Long et al.*2025 · 5 citations*
143. **[FlexOLMo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use ↗](https://doi.org/10.52202/085713-5530) neural information processing systems · no summary yet**Weijia Shi et al.*2025 · 5 citations*
144. **[Eval3D: Interpretable and Fine-Grained Evaluation for 3D Generation ↗](https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.01244) IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · no summary yet**Shivam Duggal et al.*2025 · 4 citations*
145. **[Multilingual and Interlingual Semantic Representations for Natural Language Processing: A Brief Introduction ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2020.cl-2.1/) Computational Linguistics · no summary yet**Marta R. Costa-jussà et al.*2020 · 4 citations*
146. **[Retrofitting language models to operate over bytes ↗](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11111-4) Nature · no summary yet**Benjamin Minixhofer et al.*2026 · 1 citation*
147. [**MameLoshnLM: Yiddish Language Model and Evaluation Benchmark arXiv:2608.05850 · Proceedings of the Third Conference on Language Modeling (COLM 2026), 2026**Uri Katz, Omer Goldman, Tomasz Limisiewicz, et al.*2026*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/katz-2026-mameloshnlm-yiddish-language-model-evaluation/)
148. **[Rewriting History: A Recipe for Interventional Analyses to Study Data Effects on Model Behavior](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nadkarni-2026-rewriting-history-recipe-interventional-analyses/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Rahul Nadkarni, Yanai Elazar, Hila Gonen, et al.*2026*

[← prev](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/) [1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/works/) **2**