---
title: "Norman Sadeh — author profile and papers · Question answering"
description: "Norman Sadeh, Carnegie Mellon University: 2 papers on Elamur Research (2015–2019), h-index 64 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and…"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/norman-sadeh/"
---
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# Norman Sadeh

Norman Sadeh has 2 papers in our library, in 2015–2019, most of them on [Question answering](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/question-answering/), [Summarization](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/summarization/), [Legal AI](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/legal-ai/); often with [Abhilasha Ravichander](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/abhilasha-ravichander/), [Alan W Black](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/alan-w-black/), [Fei Liu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/fei-liu/).

2 papers in our library · 2015–2019

[OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5081563886) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4829-5533) · [**h-index 64**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5081563886) · [292 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5081563886) · [15,401 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5081563886&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14

[📄 2 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/norman-sadeh/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 537 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/norman-sadeh/cited-by/) · [9 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #3355](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/34/#star-3355)

The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart.

Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Norman+Sadeh) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Norman+Sadeh) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Norman+Sadeh) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Norman+Sadeh)

## Affiliations

[🎓**Carnegie Mellon University** Pittsburgh · United States 1991–2026 · 220 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/carnegie-mellon-university/) · [🏛️**European Commission** Brussels · Belgium 2000 · 2 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/government/european-commission/)

From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 3 more institutions on single bylines are not listed.

## Concepts, shelves and topics

Of its works in our library: the number of works on each and its rating among them.

📚 Shelves 6 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Artificial Intelligence · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Arts and Humanities · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Language and Linguistics · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Political Science and International Relations · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/political-science-and-international-relations/) · [Social Sciences · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/)

🧭 Topics 4 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Semantic parsing & meaning representation · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/semantic-parsing/) · [Summarization · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/summarization/) · [Legal AI · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/legal-ai/) · [Question answering · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/question-answering/)

## Works by year

### 2010s

[**2019** 1 paper Question Answering for Privacy Policies: Combining Computational and Legal Perspectives](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ravichander-2019-question-answering-privacy-policies-combining/) · [**2015** 1 paper Toward Abstractive Summarization Using Semantic Representations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liu-2015-abstractive-summarization-semantic-representations/)

## Papers

The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library).

1. **[Toward Abstractive Summarization Using Semantic Representations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liu-2015-abstractive-summarization-semantic-representations/)** *(2015 · 337 citations)* The paper investigates whether abstractive summarization can work by manipulating meaning representations instead of copying or compressing source sentences.
2. **[Question Answering for Privacy Policies: Combining Computational and Legal Perspectives](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ravichander-2019-question-answering-privacy-policies-combining/)** *(2019 · 163 citations)* Privacy policies legally govern how apps handle personal data, but almost nobody reads them. This paper addresses that gap by framing policy comprehension as a question answering task. The authors build PrivacyQA, a corpus containing 1750 questions that ask about what 35 mobile apps state in their privacy policies…

## All works

11 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 2 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them.

1. **[Toward Abstractive Summarization Using Semantic Representations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liu-2015-abstractive-summarization-semantic-representations/) [Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/naacl/)**Fei Liu, Jeffrey Flanigan, Sam Thomson, et al.*2015 · 337 citations*
2. **[Stress Test Evaluation for Natural Language Inference](https://aclanthology.org/C18-1198/) Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computational Linguistics · original ↗ · no summary yet**Aakanksha Naik et al.*2018 · 274 citations*
3. **[Question Answering for Privacy Policies: Combining Computational and Legal Perspectives](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ravichander-2019-question-answering-privacy-policies-combining/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**Abhilasha Ravichander, Alan W Black, Shomir Wilson, et al.*2019 · 163 citations*
4. **[Identifying the Provision of Choices in Privacy Policy Text](https://aclanthology.org/D17-1294/) Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing · original ↗ · no summary yet**Kanthashree Mysore Sathyendra et al.*2017 · 100 citations*
5. **[Unsupervised Alignment of Privacy Policies using Hidden Markov Models](https://aclanthology.org/P14-2099/) Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers) · original ↗ · no summary yet**Rohan Ramanath et al.*2014 · 68 citations*
6. **[Large Language Models: A New Approach for Privacy Policy Analysis at Scale](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-024-01331-9) arXiv:2405.20900 · Computing, vol. 106, no. 12, pp. 3879-3903, 2024 · original ↗ · no summary yet**David Rodriguez et al.*2024 · 64 citations*
7. **[From Prescription to Description: Mapping the GDPR to a Privacy Policy Corpus Annotation Scheme](https://doi.org/10.3233/faia200874) JURIX 2020 — Legal Knowledge and Information Systems (IOS Press, FAIA) · original ↗ · no summary yet**Ellen Poplavska et al.*2020 · 23 citations*
8. **[A Tale of Two Regulatory Regimes: Creation and Analysis of a Bilingual Privacy Policy Corpus](https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.585/) Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference · original ↗ · no summary yet**Siddhant Arora et al.*2022 · 7 citations*
9. **[Creation and Analysis of an International Corpus of Privacy Laws](https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.365/) Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024) · original ↗ · no summary yet**Sonu Gupta et al.*2024 · 6 citations*
10. **[ATLAS: Automatically Detecting Discrepancies Between Privacy Policies and Privacy Labels](https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.09247) arXiv:2306.09247 · original ↗ · no summary yet**Akshath Jain et al.*2023 · 2 citations*
11. **[Enabling Multilingual Privacy Policy Audits: Large-Scale Analysis of Spanish Mobile Apps](https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.18424) arXiv:2607.18424 · original ↗ · no summary yet**Marcos Moran et al.*2026*

## Co-authors here

8 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first.

- [Abhilasha Ravichander](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/abhilasha-ravichander/)
- [Alan W Black](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/alan-w-black/)
- [Fei Liu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/fei-liu/)
- [Jeffrey Flanigan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jeffrey-flanigan/)
- [Noah A. Smith](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/noah-a-smith/)
- [Sam Thomson](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/sam-thomson/)
- [Shomir Wilson](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/shomir-wilson/)
- [Thomas Norton](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/thomas-norton/)

## Venues

Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page.

- [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/) ×2
- [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/) ×2: [EMNLP 2019](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/2019/)
- [Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/naacl/): [NAACL 2015](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/naacl/2015/)
- JURIX 2020 — Legal Knowledge and Information Systems (IOS Press, FAIA)
- Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)
- Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computational Linguistics
- Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference

## Cited by

Papers of our library cite their works 537 times (of the 141,840 papers whose bibliographies we read); [69 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/norman-sadeh/cited-by/).

Updated 24 October 2026