--- title: "Robert Sim — author profile and papers — Elamur Research" description: "Robert Sim: 2 papers on Elamur Research (2023–2024) — affiliations, topics, co-authors and who cites them in our library." canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Robert Sim # Robert Sim Robert Sim has 2 papers in our library, in 2023–2024, most of them on [Language models & pretraining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/); often with [Ahmed Hassan Awadallah](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-hassan-awadallah/), [Ahmed Salem](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-salem/), [Chi Wang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/chi-wang/). 2 papers in our library · 2023–2024 No OpenAlex profile matched yet. [📄 2 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 189 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/cited-by/) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #5180](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/52/#star-5180) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Robert+Sim) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Robert+Sim) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Robert+Sim) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Robert+Sim) ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 7 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Computer Science · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Artificial Intelligence · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Social Sciences · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/) · [Sociology and Political Science · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/sociology-and-political-science/) · [Arts and Humanities · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Information Systems · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/information-systems/) · [Language and Linguistics · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) 🧭 Topics 1 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Language models & pretraining · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2024** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/year/2024/) · [**2023** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/year/2023/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[Analyzing Leakage of Personally Identifiable Information in Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/lukas-2023-analyzing-leakage-personally-identifiable-information/)** *(2023 · 252 citations)* Fine-tuned language models can memorize and expose personal data. Many practitioners assume that NER-based scrubbing or differential privacy removes this risk, but that assumption has rarely been tested. Lukas et al. define three levels of PII leakage through black-box API access as formal security games. In… 2. **[Hybrid LLM: Cost-Efficient and Quality-Aware Query Routing](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ding-2024-hybrid-llm-cost-efficient-quality/)** *(2024 · 98 citations)* Large LLMs answer well but need costly cloud hardware. Smaller models are cheap enough for edge devices but usually give weaker answers. The authors note that many queries are "easy," and a small model handles them about as well as a big one. They propose hybrid inference: a learned router sends each query to either… ## Co-authors here 6 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Ahmed Hassan Awadallah](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-hassan-awadallah/) - [Ahmed Salem](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ahmed-salem/) - [Chi Wang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/chi-wang/) - [Nils Lukas](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/nils-lukas/) - [Subhabrata Mukherjee](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/subhabrata-mukherjee/) - [Victor Ruhle](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/victor-ruhle/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy/Proceedings of the ... IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/proceedings-ieee-symposium-on-security-and-privacy-proceedings-of-the-ieee/): [Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy/Proceedings of the ... IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy 2023](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/proceedings-ieee-symposium-on-security-and-privacy-proceedings-of-the-ieee/2023/) ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 189 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); [55 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/robert-sim/cited-by/). Updated 2 November 2026