--- title: "Saku Sugawara — author profile and papers — Elamur Research" description: "Saku Sugawara, National Institute of Informatics: 3 papers on Elamur Research (2018–2021), h-index 10 — affiliations, topics, co-authors…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/saku-sugawara/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/saku-sugawara/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [authors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/) / Saku Sugawara # Saku Sugawara Saku Sugawara has 3 papers in our library, in 2018–2021, most of them on [Question answering](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/question-answering/), [Reasoning](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/reasoning/), [Evaluation & benchmarks](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/evaluation-benchmarks/); often with [Akiko Aizawa](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/akiko-aizawa/), [Kentaro Inui](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/kentaro-inui/), [Satoshi Sekine](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/satoshi-sekine/). 3 papers in our library · 2018–2021 [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5038103607) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-0680) · [**h-index 10**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5038103607) · [72 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5038103607) · [642 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5038103607&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 [📄 3 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/saku-sugawara/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 583 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/saku-sugawara/cited-by/) · [3 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #2290](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/23/#star-2290) The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart. Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Saku+Sugawara) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Saku+Sugawara) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Saku+Sugawara) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Saku+Sugawara) ## Affiliations [🔬**National Institute of Informatics** Tokyo · Japan 2020–2026 · 54 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/labs/national-institute-of-informatics/) · [🎓**The University of Tokyo** Tokyo · Japan 2016–2026 · 19 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/the-university-of-tokyo/) From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 6 more institutions on single bylines are not listed. ## Fields, topics and concepts Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each. 📚 Shelves 7 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Arts and Humanities · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Artificial Intelligence · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Language and Linguistics · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/computer-vision-and-pattern-recognition/) · [Developmental and Educational Psychology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/psychology/developmental-and-educational-psychology/) · [Psychology · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/psychology/) 🧭 Topics 3 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Question answering · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/question-answering/) · [Reasoning · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/reasoning/) · [Evaluation & benchmarks · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/evaluation-benchmarks/) ## Works by year ### 2020s [**2021** 1 paper Saku Sugawara's papers of 2021](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/meissner-2021-embracing-ambiguity-shifting-training-target/) · [**2020** 1 paper Saku Sugawara's papers of 2020](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ho-2020-constructing-multi-hop-qa-dataset/) ### 2010s [**2018** 1 paper Saku Sugawara's papers of 2018](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sugawara-2018-what-makes-reading-comprehension-questions/) ## Papers The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library). 1. **[Constructing A Multi-hop QA Dataset for Comprehensive Evaluation of Reasoning Steps](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ho-2020-constructing-multi-hop-qa-dataset/)** *(2020 · 735 citations)* Multi-hop QA benchmarks are meant to test whether a model can chain facts across several paragraphs. Earlier datasets either give no account of how an answer is reached or explain it only through flagged supporting sentences, and many of their questions can be solved with a single lookup. The authors present… 2. **[What Makes Reading Comprehension Questions Easier?](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sugawara-2018-what-makes-reading-comprehension-questions/)** *(2018 · 178 citations)* Machine reading comprehension (MRC) benchmarks are meant to test language understanding, but many of their questions may be solvable through shallow shortcuts. 3. **[Embracing Ambiguity: Shifting the Training Target of NLI Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/meissner-2021-embracing-ambiguity-shifting-training-target/)** *(2021 · 36 citations)* NLI benchmarks contain many pairs where annotators disagree, yet models are usually trained on a single gold label. ## All works 6 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 3 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them. 1. **[Constructing A Multi-hop QA Dataset for Comprehensive Evaluation of Reasoning Steps](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ho-2020-constructing-multi-hop-qa-dataset/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Xanh Ho, Anh-Khoa Duong Nguyen, Saku Sugawara, et al.*2020 · 735 citations* 2. **[What Makes Reading Comprehension Questions Easier?](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sugawara-2018-what-makes-reading-comprehension-questions/) [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/)**Saku Sugawara, Kentaro Inui, Satoshi Sekine, et al.*2018 · 178 citations* 3. **[Embracing Ambiguity: Shifting the Training Target of NLI Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/meissner-2021-embracing-ambiguity-shifting-training-target/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Johannes Mario Meissner, Napat Thumwanit, Saku Sugawara, et al.*2021 · 36 citations* 4. **[Specification-Aware Machine Translation and Evaluation for Purpose Alignment ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2025.wmt-1.7/) Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Machine Translation · no summary yet**Yoko Kayano, Saku Sugawara*2025 · 3 citations* 5. **[PROPRES: Investigating the Projectivity of Presupposition with Various Triggers and Environments ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2023.conll-1.9/) Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL) · no summary yet**Daiki Asami, Saku Sugawara*2023 · 3 citations* 6. **[Label Effects: Shared Heuristic Reliance in Trust Assessment by Humans and LLM-as-a-Judge ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.1495/) Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yet**Xin Sun et al.*2026 · 1 citation* ## Co-authors here 3 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first. - [Akiko Aizawa](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/akiko-aizawa/) ×3 - [Kentaro Inui](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/kentaro-inui/) - [Satoshi Sekine](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/satoshi-sekine/) ## Venues Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page. - [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/) ×2: [ACL 2021](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/2021/) - [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/): [COLING 2020](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/2020/) - [Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/): [EMNLP 2018](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/emnlp/2018/) - Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL) - Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Machine Translation ## Cited by Papers of our library cite their works 583 times (of the 141,840 papers whose bibliographies we read); [41 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/saku-sugawara/cited-by/). Updated 24 October 2026