---
title: "Tong Xiao · Northeastern University — author profile and papers"
description: "Tong Xiao, Northeastern University: 9 papers on Elamur Research (2019–2026), h-index 25 — affiliations, topics, co-authors and who cites…"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/"
---
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# Tong Xiao

Tong Xiao has 9 papers in our library, in 2019–2026, most of them on [Language models & pretraining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/), [Multilingual & cross-lingual NLP](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/multilingual-nlp/), [Machine translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/machine-translation/); often with [Jingbo Zhu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jingbo-zhu/), [Bei Li](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/bei-li/), [Chenglong Wang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/chenglong-wang/).

9 papers in our library · 2019–2026

[OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/A5100600701) · [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-6501) · [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58662584) · [**h-index 25**](https://openalex.org/authors/A5100600701) · [170 works](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5100600701) · [2,223 citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=author.id:A5100600701&sort=cited_by_count:desc) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14

[📄 9 works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/#papers) · [🔗 Cited 385 times in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/cited-by/) · [9 more in our library without a page yet](#also) · [⭐ Paper Stars ranking: #2766](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/paper-stars/page/28/#star-2766)

The profile is the library's match of the name; two people with one name are not always told apart.

Elsewhere: [Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=Tong+Xiao) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?q=Tong+Xiao) · [dblp](https://dblp.org/search?q=Tong+Xiao) · [ACL Anthology](https://aclanthology.org/search/?q=Tong+Xiao)

## Affiliations

[🎓**Northeastern University** Shenyang · China 2009–2026 · 136 papers*current*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/northeastern-university-cn/) · [🎓**Northeastern University** Boston · United States 2010–2025 · 22 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/northeastern-university/)

From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine. 2 more institutions on single bylines are not listed.

## Fields, topics and concepts

Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each.

📚 Shelves 8 The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).[Arts and Humanities · 9 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science · 9 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/) · [Artificial Intelligence · 9 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/) · [Language and Linguistics · 9 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) · [Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/computer-vision-and-pattern-recognition/) · [Information Systems · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/information-systems/) · [Safety Research · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/safety-research/) · [Social Sciences · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/social-sciences/)

🧭 Topics 7 Research subjects and languages the work is about.[Machine translation · 2 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/machine-translation/) · [Language models & pretraining · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/language-models/) · [Multilingual & cross-lingual NLP · 3 works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/multilingual-nlp/) · [Reasoning · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/reasoning/) · [Dialogue systems · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/dialogue-systems/) · [Evaluation & benchmarks · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/evaluation-benchmarks/) · [Information retrieval & search · 1 work](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/information-retrieval/)

## Works by year

### 2020s

[**2026** 6 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/year/2026/) · [**2025** 2 papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/year/2025/)

### 2010s

[**2019** 1 paper](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/year/2019/)

## Papers

The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library).

1. **[Learning Deep Transformer Models for Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2019-learning-deep-transformer-models-machine/)** *(2019 · 810 citations)* For Transformer-based neural machine translation, the usual way to gain quality has been to make the model wider (Transformer-Big). Simply adding encoder layers tended to make training unstable or fail outright. The authors show that depth can beat width if two problems are handled.
2. **[SLAM: Towards Efficient Multilingual Reasoning via Selective Language Alignment](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fan-2025-slam-efficient-multilingual-reasoning-selective/)** *(2025 · 20 citations)* Large language models reason well in English but much less reliably in other languages, especially low-resource ones.
3. **[Lost in Literalism: How Supervised Training Shapes Translationese in LLMs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/li-2025-lost-literalism-how-supervised-training/)** *(2025 · 12 citations)* LLMs learn from huge amounts of native text, yet their translations often still sound overly literal. The authors examine this "translationese" in LLM-based machine translation and trace it to supervised fine-tuning (SFT). Professional translators marked literal or unnatural spans in English-Chinese and…
4. **[Cross-layer Attention Sharing for Pre-trained Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mu-2026-cross-layer-attention-sharing-pre/)** *(2026 · 2 citations)* Earlier work on making LLM attention more efficient mostly targets redundancy inside a layer, for example by compressing the KV cache or grouping heads.
5. **[BIASEDTALES-ML: A Multilingual Dataset for Analyzing Narrative Attribute Distributions in LLM-Generated Stories](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ouyang-2026-biasedtales-ml-multilingual-dataset-analyzing/)** *(2026)* Most studies of social bias in LLMs are English-only and rely on short-form probes. It is therefore unclear whether the attribute patterns seen in English long-form generation carry over to other languages. To test this, the authors built BIASEDTALES-ML, a parallel collection of about 350k children's stories. Three…
6. **[MTR-Suite: A Framework for Evaluating and Synthesizing Conversational Retrieval Benchmarks](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ruan-2026-mtr-suite-framework-evaluating-synthesizing/)** *(2026)* Conversational retrieval decides which evidence a RAG system can use, but its benchmarks have two kinds of flaws.
7. **[NiuTrans.LMT: Toward Inclusive and Scalable Multilingual Machine Translation with LLMs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/luo-2026-niutrans-lmt-inclusive-scalable-multilingual/)** *(2026)* The paper addresses how to adapt LLMs for translation across many languages without quality collapsing in some directions.
8. **[RouteLMT: Learned Sample Routing for Hybrid LLM Translation Deployment](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/luo-2026-routelmt-learned-sample-routing-hybrid/)** *(2026)* Serving every translation request with a large LLM is too costly for industrial systems. Hybrid setups therefore send most traffic to a small model and escalate only some inputs to a large one. The authors treat this escalation decision as spending a fixed budget of large-model calls. They argue that requests should…
9. **[SERM: Self-Evolving Relevance Model with Agent-Driven Learning from Massive Query Streams](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2026-serm-self-evolving-relevance-model/)** *(2026)* Search relevance models trained on fixed datasets lose accuracy as live query traffic changes, for example when users adopt new slang or cultural references.

## All works

18 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 9 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them.

1. **[Learning Deep Transformer Models for Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2019-learning-deep-transformer-models-machine/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Qiang Wang, Bei Li, Tong Xiao, et al.*2019 · 810 citations*
2. **[Stacked Acoustic-and-Textual Encoding: Integrating the Pre-trained Models into Speech Translation Encoders ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.204/) Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yet**Chen Xu et al.*2021 · 113 citations*
3. **[Improved Differentiable Architecture Search for Language Modeling and Named Entity Recognition ↗](https://aclanthology.org/D19-1367/) Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP) · no summary yet**Yufan Jiang et al.*2019 · 112 citations*
4. **[Does Multi-Encoder Help? A Case Study on Context-Aware Neural Machine Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.322/) Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics · no summary yet**Bei Li et al.*2020 · 111 citations*
5. **[NiuTrans: An Open Source Toolkit for Phrase-based and Syntax-based Machine Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/P12-3004/) Proceedings of the ACL 2012 System Demonstrations · no summary yet**Tong Xiao et al.*2012 · 101 citations*
6. **[SLAM: Towards Efficient Multilingual Reasoning via Selective Language Alignment](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fan-2025-slam-efficient-multilingual-reasoning-selective/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Yuchun Fan, Yongyu Mu, YiLin Wang, et al.*2025 · 20 citations*
7. **[The NiuTrans System for the WMT20 Quality Estimation Shared Task ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2020.wmt-1.117/) Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Machine Translation · no summary yet**Chi Hu et al.*2020 · 15 citations*
8. **[Lost in Literalism: How Supervised Training Shapes Translationese in LLMs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/li-2025-lost-literalism-how-supervised-training/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Yafu Li, Ronghao Zhang, Zhilin Wang, et al.*2025 · 12 citations*
9. **[Effective Incorporation of Source Syntax into Hierarchical Phrase-based Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C14-1195/) Proceedings of COLING 2014, the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers · no summary yet**Tong Xiao et al.*2014 · 5 citations*
10. **[An Empirical Study of Translation Rule Extraction with Multiple Parsers ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C10-2154/) Coling 2010: Posters · no summary yet**Tong Xiao et al.*2010 · 5 citations*
11. **[Improving Decoding Generalization for Tree-to-String Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/P11-2073/) Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies · no summary yet**Jingbo Zhu, Tong Xiao*2011 · 3 citations*
12. **[Cross-layer Attention Sharing for Pre-trained Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mu-2026-cross-layer-attention-sharing-pre/) [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/)**Yongyu Mu, Yuzhang Wu, Yuchun Fan, et al.*2026 · 2 citations*
13. **[BIASEDTALES-ML: A Multilingual Dataset for Analyzing Narrative Attribute Distributions in LLM-Generated Stories](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ouyang-2026-biasedtales-ml-multilingual-dataset-analyzing/) [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/)**Yuxuan Ouyang, Yingfeng Luo, JingBo Zhu, et al.*2026*
14. **[MTR-Suite: A Framework for Evaluating and Synthesizing Conversational Retrieval Benchmarks](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ruan-2026-mtr-suite-framework-evaluating-synthesizing/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Junhao Ruan, Abudukeyumu Abudula, Bei Li, et al.*2026*
15. **[NiuTrans.LMT: Toward Inclusive and Scalable Multilingual Machine Translation with LLMs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/luo-2026-niutrans-lmt-inclusive-scalable-multilingual/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Yingfeng Luo, Ziqiang Xu, Yuxuan Ouyang, et al.*2026*
16. **[RouteLMT: Learned Sample Routing for Hybrid LLM Translation Deployment](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/luo-2026-routelmt-learned-sample-routing-hybrid/) [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/)**Yingfeng Luo, Hongyu Liu, DingYang Lin, et al.*2026*
17. **[SERM: Self-Evolving Relevance Model with Agent-Driven Learning from Massive Query Streams](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2026-serm-self-evolving-relevance-model/) [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/)**Chenglong Wang, Canjia Li, Xingzhao Zhu, et al.*2026*
18. **[CoMeT: Collaborative Memory Transformer for Efficient Long Context Modeling ↗](https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.1779/) Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yet**Runsong Zhao et al.*2026*

## Co-authors here

12 of 32 co-authors with a page, the most papers together first.

- [Jingbo Zhu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jingbo-zhu/) ×8
- [Bei Li](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/bei-li/) ×5
- [Chenglong Wang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/chenglong-wang/) ×3
- [Yingfeng Luo](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/yingfeng-luo/) ×3
- [DingYang Lin](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/dingyang-lin/) ×2
- [Junhao Ruan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/junhao-ruan/) ×2
- [Kaiyan Chang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/kaiyan-chang/) ×2
- [Murun Yang](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/murun-yang/) ×2
- [Qiaozhi He](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/qiaozhi-he/) ×2
- [Quan Du](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/quan-du/) ×2
- [Yongjing Yin](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/yongjing-yin/) ×2
- [Yongyu Mu](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/yongyu-mu/) ×2

## Venues

Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page.

- [Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/) ×7: [ACL 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/2026/) ×3, [ACL 2025](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/2025/), [ACL 2019](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/acl/2019/)
- [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/) ×2: [Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/findings/2026/) ×2
- [Conference on Machine Translation (WMT)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/wmt/) ×2
- [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/): [COLING 2025](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/2025/)
- [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/): [Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL) 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/tacl/2026/)
- Coling 2010: Posters
- Proceedings of COLING 2014, the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers
- Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP)
- Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies
- Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers)
- Proceedings of the ACL 2012 System Demonstrations

## Cited by

Papers of our library cite their works 385 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); [41 citing papers with a page here →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tong-xiao/cited-by/).

Updated 1 November 2026