---
title: "TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus, First — Gugliotta 2022"
description: "Tunisian Arabic has few resources, and fewer still for Arabizi, the Latin-letter-and-digit script Tunisians use online."
authors: ["Elisa Gugliotta", "Marco Dinarelli"]
year: 2022
venue: "Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference"
source: "https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.121/"
licence: "CC BY-NC 4.0 (ELRA, LREC proceedings)"
licence_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"
summary_licence: "Elamur Cosmic License"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gugliotta-2022-tarc-tunisian-arabish-corpus-first/"
---
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# TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus, First complete release

**Authors:** [Elisa Gugliotta](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/elisa-gugliotta/), [Marco Dinarelli](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/marco-dinarelli/) · **Year:** 2022 · **Venue:** Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference · **Licence:** [CC BY-NC 4.0 (ELRA, LREC proceedings)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

**Links:** [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.121/) · [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.121.pdf) · [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W4285077689)

**Citations:** 4 citations (openalex-snapshot · 2026-10-14) · [4](#cited-by) in our library, of the 140884 papers whose bibliographies we read

## Summary
Tunisian Arabic has few resources, and fewer still for Arabizi, the Latin-letter-and-digit script Tunisians use online. The available corpora are scarce, often not public, or only lightly annotated. The authors release the complete version of TArC (Tunisian Arabish Corpus) together with the neural tool they built to annotate it. The tool is a multi-task system that adds layers in sequence: word classification, transliteration into Arabic script following the CODA Star orthographic conventions, tokenization, POS tagging, and finally lemmatization, which arrived last in this release. Annotation was semi-automatic, with model output checked by hand. The authors deliberately kept the corpus modest in size and invested in annotation accuracy and depth, aiming to serve both NLP and dialectology. Code and data are public, so the experiments can be reproduced, and the pipeline could produce "twin" corpora for other Arabic dialects. The excerpt does not include the paper's quantitative results.

## Key points
- Two separate but linked resources: the TArC corpus (github.com/eligugliotta/tarc) and the tarc-multi-task-system annotation tool (GRICAD GitLab, Grenoble).
- Annotation levels:
  - word classification
  - transliteration to Arabic script
  - tokenization
  - POS tagging
  - lemmatization
- CODA Star was chosen as the normalization convention so that TArC stays compatible with other dialectal Arabic corpora such as the CODA MADAR Corpus.
- Arabizi lacks spelling norms but records some phonetics that Arabic script hides, such as article assimilation. Earlier work (Guellil et al., 2018) found transliteration necessary to reduce this ambiguity.
- Comparable Tunisian resources are small or narrow:
  - STAC: 42,388 words of transcribed speech
  - TSAC: 17,060 Facebook comments with polarity labels
  - LETD: 43,222 web messages

## Interesting ideas
- Each annotation layer is predicted in cascade, conditioned on the layers before it, so later decisions (POS, lemma) operate on cleaned input rather than raw noisy spelling. — For Mova (tokens): In crate en, morphology and lemma prediction could explicitly take the normalized token and tagger output as inputs, keeping a visible trace of which earlier layer caused each choice.
- A word-classification step runs before anything else, separating native dialect words from foreign or other material so each token gets the right treatment downstream. — For Mova (tokens): An early router could flag foreign words, numerals, emoticons and other noise in English input before tagging, so the tagger and lemmatizer are not forced to treat them as ordinary English.
- The corpus is normalized to a shared orthographic convention (CODA Star) while the original user spelling is kept, which makes the resource joinable with others without losing the raw signal. — For Mova (tree): During UD dialect conversion, gparse training data could keep both the source-treebank form and the normalized form side by side, letting conversions be audited and reversed.
- The bootstrapping loop has the model pre-annotate and humans correct, and the corrected data then feeds the next round; a new layer (lemmas) was added the same way. — For Mova (learn): Silver data agreed by witness parsers could go through targeted human or LLM-teacher correction on disagreements only, growing new annotation layers incrementally rather than labelling from scratch.
- The authors prefer a smaller corpus with dense, verified, multi-level annotation over a large shallow one. — For Mova (answer): Evaluation sets for school tests and fables could be small but annotated at every level (tree, frames, world state), so a wrong answer can be traced to the exact stage that failed.

*Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.*

Fields: [Linguistics & languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/linguistics/)

Topics: [Part-of-speech tagging](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/part-of-speech-tagging/)

## Cited by

Cited by

4 papers of our library cite it (of the 140884 whose bibliographies we read); 2 of them have a page here, 2 not yet.

- [Cross-Dialectal Transfer for Low-Resource Arabic: The Tunisian Arabic Dependency Treebank](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/aissaoui-2026-cross-dialectal-transfer-low-resource/)
- [Lisan: Yemeni, Iraqi, Libyan, and Sudanese Arabic Dialect Copora with Morphological Annotations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/jarrar-2022-lisan-yemeni-iraqi-libyan-sudanese/)

## Cite

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```bibtex
@inproceedings{gugliotta2022tarc,
  title = {{TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus, First complete release}},
  author = {Gugliotta, Elisa and Dinarelli, Marco},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.63317/5eqrikasc4rn},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.63317/5eqrikasc4rn}
}
```

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