--- title: "Finding The Right One and Resolving it — Khullar 2020" description: "The authors annotate one-anaphora with their antecedents in the British National Corpus and release… 78.34% precision. 4 references, cited by 1 paper here." authors: ["Payal Khullar", "Arghya Bhattacharya", "Manish Shrivastava"] year: 2020 venue: "Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning" source: "https://aclanthology.org/2020.conll-1.10/" doi: "10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10" licence: "CC BY 4.0 (ACL Anthology)" licence_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" summary_licence: "Elamur Cosmic License" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khullar-2020-finding-right-one-resolving-it/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khullar-2020-finding-right-one-resolving-it/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [papers](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/) / [2020](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/2020/page/6/) / Finding The Right One and Resolving it # Finding The Right One and Resolving it **Authors:** [Payal Khullar](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/payal-khullar/), Arghya Bhattacharya and [Manish Shrivastava](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/manish-shrivastava/) · **Year:** 2020 · **Venue:** Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL 2020) **Link:** [aclanthology.org/2020.conll-1.10](https://aclanthology.org/2020.conll-1.10/) · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) [**1** citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3098812086) OpenAlex, 2026-10-14 · **1** citations in our library of the 140,884 papers whose bibliographies we read · [Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning](https://aclanthology.org/volumes/2020.conll-1/) · [licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) - [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2020.conll-1.10/) - [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2020.conll-1.10.pdf) - [DOI 10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10) - [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W3098812086) **Authors (3)** 1. [Payal Khullar](https://openalex.org/A5006065835) [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/51124702) · h 3 · 45 citations · 7 works 2. [Arghya Bhattacharya](https://openalex.org/A5009865031) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0557-4340) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/9177399) · h 4 · 56 citations · 25 works 3. [Manish Shrivastava](https://openalex.org/A5013675579) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8705-6637) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/2045067) · h 26 · 2,281 citations · 205 works Citations and author metrics: OpenAlex, 2026-10-14; authors with the same name are not always told apart. ## What it is about One-anaphora is the use of the word "one" or "ones" for a noun head, as in "the black one". The paper separates it from the determinative use of "one" as a numeral, a confusion that has weakened earlier computational work. The authors annotate one-anaphora with their antecedents in the British National Corpus and release a gold corpus of 921 instances. Template rules over POS strings, run on spaCy parses, reach 78.34% precision, 85.92% recall and 81.96% F1 for detection. Neural classifiers with fastText and BERT embeddings are then trained on the corpus. From the templates, 15,647 BNC sentences contain 18,669 one-anaphora words, so the sentence-level rate is 6.25%, far below the 12–15% reported in earlier annotation efforts. ## Ideas - I2. Determinative split: count how many "one" tokens on EWT test are numerals (det with a number reading) and how many are nominal heads. The paper's point is that mixing the two inflates the counts, so the split should be reported first. ## For Mova - I1. `en/src/expert.rs`: a deterministic detector for "one" and "ones" that uses the UD labels to tell the nominal head from the numeral. Report precision and recall on the 921-instance corpus, test only, since the BNC is NC. - I3. Coreference hook: link a one-anaphor to the nearest noun head with compatible modifiers, using the candidate set of the `coref` crate. Measure resolution accuracy on the test part only, and report the paper's own baseline next to it. The code is `en/src/expert.rs`, `coref` and `en/src/ctx.rs`. The chapters are [languages/en/35-reference-and-coreference.md](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/35-reference-and-coreference/) and [languages/en/22-phrases.md](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/22-phrases/). The gold corpus comes from the NC BNC, so it is for measurement only. Measure first: the detector against the gold corpus, with the determinative split reported. ## Institutions [🎓**International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad** Hyderabad · India 19 works · 1,369 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/international-institute-of-information-technology-hyderabad/) Topics[Coreference resolution](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/coreference-resolution/) ## Cite Cite as Payal Khullar, Arghya Bhattacharya and Manish Shrivastava. 2020. Finding The Right One and Resolving it. Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning. The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. [DOI 10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10) ```bibtex @inproceedings{khullar2020finding, title = {{Finding The Right One and Resolving it}}, author = {Payal Khullar, Arghya Bhattacharya and Manish Shrivastava}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10}, url = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.conll-1.10} } ``` - [← previous Evaluative adjective sentences: A question-based analysis of projection](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/tonhauser-2020-evaluative-adjective-sentences-question-based/) - [next → Grammar-Based Concept Alignment for Domain-Specific Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/masciolini-2021-grammar-based-concept-alignment-domain/) - [↑ back to papers of 2020](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/2020/page/6/) ## References 4 references, 1 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet. 1. Nameera Akhtar, Maureen Callanan, Geoffrey K Pullum, and Barbara C Scholz. 2004. Learning antecedents for anaphoric one. Cognition, 4:141–145. 65.49 64.22 78.87 79.35 71.74 89.35 71.76 67.77 83.78 55.24 58.97 63.07 61.29 65.74 72.33 58.11 62.17 67.38 [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Nameera+Akhtar%2C+Maureen+Callanan%2C+Geoffrey+K+Pullum%2C+and+Barbara+C+Scholz%2E+2004%2E+Learning+antecedents+for+anaphoric+one%2E+Cognition%2C+4%3A141%E2%80%93145%2E+65%2E49+64%2E22+78%2E87+79%2E35+71%2E74+89%2E35+71%2E76+67%2E77+83%2E78+55%2E) 2. Piotr Bojanowski, Edouard Grave, Armand Joulin, and Tomas Mikolov. 2016. Enriching word vectors with subword information. arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.04606. 59.99 70.01 64.61 [our card](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojanowski-2017-enriching-word-vectors-subword-information/) 3. Joan Bresnan. 1971. A note on the notion “identity of sense anaphora”. Linguistic Inquiry, 2:589–597. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Joan+Bresnan%2E+1971%2E+A+note+on+the+notion+%E2%80%9Cidentity+of+sense+anaphora%E2%80%9D%2E+Linguistic+Inquiry%2C+2%3A589%E2%80%93597%2E) 4. Carl Lee Baker. 1978. Introduction to generative transformational syntax. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:: Prentice-Hal. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Carl+Lee+Baker%2E+1978%2E+Introduction+to+generative+transformational+syntax%2E+Englewood+Cliffs%2C+NJ%3A%3A+Prentice%2DHal%2E)