---
title: "The PROPOR Ecosystem — paper by Nunes et al. (2026)"
description: "PROPOR, the leading venue for computational processing of Portuguese, had never been studied over time as a research… 6 references."
authors: ["Rafael O. Nunes", "Gustavo L. Tamiosso", "Pedro L. C. de Andrade", "Matheus S. de Aguiar", "Rafael P. de Gouveia", "Higor Moreira", "Bruno Tavares", "Laura P. de Gouveia", "Felipe S. F. Paula", "Andre Spritzer", "Hidelberg O. Albuquerque", "Nádia F. F. da Silva", "Ellen P. R. S. Pereira", "Dennis G. Balreira", "Joel L. Carbonera"]
year: 2026
venue: "Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese (PROPOR 2026) - Vol. 1"
source: "https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.34/"
licence: "CC BY 4.0 (ACL Anthology)"
licence_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
summary_licence: "Elamur Cosmic License"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nunes-2026-propor-ecosystem-structure-roles-evolution/"
---
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# The PROPOR Ecosystem: Structure, Roles, and Evolution of Portuguese-Language NLP

**Authors:** [Rafael O. Nunes](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/rafael-o-nunes/), Gustavo L. Tamiosso, Pedro L. C. de Andrade, Matheus S. de Aguiar, Rafael P. de Gouveia, [Higor Moreira](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/higor-moreira/), Bruno Tavares, Laura P. de Gouveia, Felipe S. F. Paula, [Andre Spritzer](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/andre-spritzer/), Hidelberg O. Albuquerque, Nádia F. F. da Silva, Ellen P. R. S. Pereira, [Dennis G. Balreira](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/dennis-giovani-balreira/) and Joel L. Carbonera · **Year:** 2026 · **Venue:** [Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese (PROPOR 2026) - Vol. 1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/propor/) ([International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/propor/2026/)) · **Publisher:** [Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/publishers/association-for-computational-linguistics/) · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0 (ACL Anthology)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

**Links:** [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.34/) · [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.34.pdf) · [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W7131881188)

**Citations:** 0 citations (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14)

## Summary
PROPOR, the leading venue for computational processing of Portuguese, had never been studied over time as a research community. The authors run a bibliometric analysis of its proceedings from 2003 to 2024 (429 papers). They ask three questions: which topics were studied, who makes up the community, and what impact the work has had. The Springer volumes are not open access, so the study relies on titles, abstracts, authors and affiliations. Eight researchers and a curator labelled the papers manually using a fixed taxonomy taken from PROPOR calls for papers. Citation and institution data came from OpenAlex.

The results show three trends:
- The conference has drifted from speech research toward text-centred tasks, while resources and linguistic theory remain important.
- The community is stable but varied, mixing strong institutional centres with authors who bridge groups.
- Citations cluster in a small set of papers, yet recent editions gain citations more quickly.

This is the first longitudinal portrait of a language-specific NLP venue. It also releases an annotated corpus that can be compared with other regional communities.

## Key points
- Corpus: 429 PROPOR papers. Sources are Springer (2003–2022) and the ACL Anthology (2024). Metadata for 87 papers was completed by hand. The guidelines and corpus are released at github.com/RafaelOleques/propor-ecosystem.
- Four annotator pairs labelled the papers, with initial Cohen's Kappa between 0.36 and 0.51. Disagreements were resolved through guideline refinement and a consensus phase.
- The largest topics are NLP Tasks (n = 133) and Resources & Eval. (n = 131). Linguistic Description & Theory has n = 39, and NLG is the smallest category (n = 5), which the authors attribute to changed labelling practice.
- Speech Tech and Speech Apps decline structurally over time. Multilingual & Resources rises after 2018 and reaches 10 papers in 2024. NLP Tasks grows sharply in 2024, which the authors link to the rise of LLMs.
- Citation impact peaked for NLP Tasks in 2010–2012, with over 240 citations. The lower counts for 2024 papers reflect recency rather than reduced relevance.

*Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.*

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## Cite

Cite as: Rafael O. Nunes, Gustavo L. Tamiosso, Pedro L. C. de Andrade, Matheus S. de Aguiar, Rafael P. de Gouveia, Higor Moreira, Bruno Tavares, Laura P. de Gouveia, Felipe S. F. Paula, Andre Spritzer, Hidelberg O. Albuquerque, Nádia F. F. da Silva, Ellen P. R. S. Pereira, Dennis G. Balreira and Joel L. Carbonera. 2026. The PROPOR Ecosystem: Structure, Roles, and Evolution of Portuguese-Language NLP. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese (PROPOR 2026) - Vol. 1.

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```bibtex
@inproceedings{nunes2026propor,
  title = {{The PROPOR Ecosystem: Structure, Roles, and Evolution of Portuguese-Language NLP}},
  author = {Rafael O. Nunes, Gustavo L. Tamiosso, Pedro L. C. {de Andrade}, Matheus S. {de Aguiar}, Rafael P. {de Gouveia}, Higor Moreira, Bruno Tavares, Laura P. {de Gouveia}, Felipe S. F. Paula, Andre Spritzer, Hidelberg O. Albuquerque, Nádia F. F. {da Silva}, Ellen P. R. S. Pereira, Dennis G. Balreira and Joel L. Carbonera},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese (PROPOR 2026) - Vol. 1},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.13140/rg.2.2.14608.67842},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.14608.67842}
}
```

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## References

6 references, 0 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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5. Sujatha Das Gollapalli and Xiaoli Li. 2015. EMNLP versus ACL: Analyzing NLP research over time. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 2002–2006, Lisbon, Portugal. Association for Computational Linguistics. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Sujatha+Das+Gollapalli+and+Xiaoli+Li%2E+2015%2E+EMNLP+versus+ACL%3A+Analyzing+NLP+research+over+time%2E+In+Proceedings+of+the+2015+Conference+on+Empirical+Methods+in+Natural+Language+Processing%2C+pages+2002%E2%80%9320)
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*Updated 1 November 2026*