---
title: "DuoNova@LTEDI 2026 — paper by S et al. (2026)"
description: "This paper describes the DuoNova team's entry in the LT-EDI @ ACL 2026 shared task on online abuse… 12 references, cited by 1 paper here."
authors: ["Manasa S", "Arohi Rawat", "Anbukkarasi Sampath"]
year: 2026
venue: "Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity, Inclusion"
source: "https://aclanthology.org/2026.ltedi-1.17/"
doi: "10.18653/v1/2026.ltedi-1.17"
licence: "CC BY 4.0 (ACL Anthology)"
licence_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
summary_licence: "Elamur Cosmic License"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/s-2026-duonova-ltedi-2026-multilingual-span/"
---
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# DuoNova@LTEDI 2026: Multilingual Span Detection and Counter-Narrative Generation on Homophobic and Transphobic Comments

**Authors:** Manasa S, Arohi Rawat and Anbukkarasi Sampath · **Year:** 2026 · **Venue:** [Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity, Inclusion](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/ltedi/) ([Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity, Inclusion 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/ltedi/2026/)) · **Publisher:** [Association for Computational Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/publishers/association-for-computational-linguistics/) · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0 (ACL Anthology)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

**Links:** [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2026.ltedi-1.17/) · [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2026.ltedi-1.17.pdf) · [DOI 10.18653/v1/2026.ltedi-1.17](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.ltedi-1.17) · [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W7166886969)

**Citations:** 0 citations (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14) · 1 in our library, of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read

## Summary
This paper describes the DuoNova team's entry in the LT-EDI @ ACL 2026 shared task on online abuse aimed at LGBTQ+ people. The task had two parts. Task 1 asked systems to locate the homophobic or transphobic fragment inside a comment in English, Tamil and Hindi. Task 2 asked them to write a polite counter-narrative reply in English and Tamil. The organisers released 1,800 training and 66 test items. Each training item links a comment to its harmful span, a human-written response and an abuse label. Neutral tokens heavily outnumber harmful ones. The authors framed span detection as BIO token labelling and reply writing as prompted sequence-to-sequence generation with greedy decoding. They fine-tuned google/flan-t5-base for English and google/mt5-small for Tamil and Hindi. The system ranked second in Task 1 for all three languages, although macro F1 stayed around 0.5. In Task 2, Tamil replies scored as very polite but showed little lexical variety. The work shows that compact pretrained models give a usable baseline, but there are no ablations or baseline comparisons.

## Key points
- Models and settings: google/flan-t5-base for English and google/mt5-small for Tamil and Hindi. Both used a maximum length of 128, batch size 8, 3 epochs and a learning rate of 5e-5 with HuggingFace Transformers. Class imbalance was not reweighted.
- Task 1 macro F1 scores were 0.5111 for English, 0.5090 for Tamil and 0.4585 for Hindi. Weighted F1 was 0.6490 for English and 0.6737 for Tamil. The system ranked second in every language.
- Task 2 English results: BERTScore-F1 of 86.04%, Distinct-2 of 58.22% and an overall average of 57.79%. The rubric-based QS was only 37.88%.
- Task 2 Tamil results: PRS (politeness/respect) of 94.50% and an overall average of 62.15%. Distinct-2 was just 3.62%, which points to repetitive outputs.
- Error analysis found three main problems:
  - Grammatical slips in Tamil mT5 outputs.
  - Short or generic replies.
  - Missed spans when the hostility was implicit.
- Code is available at github.com/Manasa-S-02/DuoNova.

*Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.*

## Institutions

- [Manipal Academy of Higher Education](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/manipal-academy-of-higher-education/) — University, Manipal, India · 5 works · 57 citations

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🧭 Topics (1): [🌍 Multilingual & cross-lingual NLP](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/multilingual-nlp/) · 882 works

## Cite

Cite as: Manasa S, Arohi Rawat and Anbukkarasi Sampath. 2026. DuoNova@LTEDI 2026: Multilingual Span Detection and Counter-Narrative Generation on Homophobic and Transphobic Comments. Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity, Inclusion.

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```bibtex
@inproceedings{s2026duonova,
  title = {{DuoNova@LTEDI 2026: Multilingual Span Detection and Counter-Narrative Generation on Homophobic and Transphobic Comments}},
  author = {Manasa S, Arohi Rawat and Anbukkarasi Sampath},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity, Inclusion},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.18653/v1/2026.ltedi-1.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.ltedi-1.17}
}
```

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## References

12 references, 3 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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6. Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts, Katherine Lee, Sharan Narang, Michael Matena, Yanqi Zhou, Wei Li, and Peter J. Liu. 2020. [Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/raffel-2019-exploring-limits-transfer-learning-unified/). Journal of Machine Learning Research.
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8. Linting Xue, Noah Constant, Adam Roberts, Mihir Kale, Rami Al-Rfou, Aditya Siddhant, Aditya Barua, and Colin Raffel. 2021. [mt5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xue-2021-mt5-massively-multilingual-pre-trained/). In Proceedings of NAACL.
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*Updated 31 October 2026*