---
title: "Findings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing"
description: "For several of these, the papers offer what the authors present as the first datasets… 96% accuracy. 25 references, cited by 12 papers here."
authors: ["Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran", "Surendrabikram Thapa", "Ashwini Vaidya", "Tafseer Ahmed", "Bal Krishna Bal"]
year: 2026
venue: "Proceedings of the Second workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL2026)"
source: "https://aclanthology.org/2026.chipsal-1.1/"
doi: "10.63317/4c7g3mdcb3jv"
licence: "CC BY-NC 4.0 (ELRA, LREC proceedings)"
licence_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"
summary_licence: "Elamur Cosmic License"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sarveswaran-2026-findings-second-workshop-challenges-processing/"
---
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# Findings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026)

**Authors:** [Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/kengatharaiyer-sarveswaran/), [Surendrabikram Thapa](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/surendrabikram-thapa/), [Ashwini Vaidya](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ashwini-vaidya/), [Tafseer Ahmed](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/tafseer-ahmed/) and [Bal Krishna Bal](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/bal-krishna-bal/) · **Year:** 2026 · **Venue:** [Proceedings of the Second workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL2026)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/chipsal/) ([workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages 2026](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/chipsal/2026/)) · **Publisher:** [European Language Resources Association (ELRA)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/publishers/european-language-resources-association-elra/) · **Licence:** [CC BY-NC 4.0 (ELRA, LREC proceedings)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

**Links:** [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2026.chipsal-1.1/) · [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2026.chipsal-1.1.pdf) · [DOI 10.63317/4c7g3mdcb3jv](https://doi.org/10.63317/4c7g3mdcb3jv) · [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W7166511566)

**Citations:** 0 citations (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14) · [12](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sarveswaran-2026-findings-second-workshop-challenges-processing/cited-by/) in our library, of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read

## Summary
This report covers the second CHiPSAL workshop, held with LREC 2026. The workshop addresses the weak coverage of South Asian languages in NLP resources and LLMs. The region has about 700 languages written in more than 25 scripts. Progress is held back by scarce curated data, rich morphology, code-mixing, script variety and a lack of culturally grounded evaluation.

The organisers survey the peer-reviewed papers, each assessed by three members of a 55-person committee. They also describe a shared task on hate speech and sentiment in Nepali memes. Accepted work covers widely used languages such as Bengali, Hindi, Tamil and Urdu, as well as endangered or barely documented ones like Burushaski, Limbu and Nepal Bhasha. For several of these, the papers offer what the authors present as the first datasets, benchmarks or tools, in both text and speech.

Three lessons recur:
- data quality is decisive;
- multilingual models fall short in low-resource conditions;
- evaluation must reflect cultural context.

Multimodal systems helped with memes, but culturally nuanced content remained difficult. The report works as a compact map of current South Asian NLP resources.

## Key points
- **Submission statistics:** 57 submissions in total. The main track received 42, accepted 21 (about 50%), and 19 appear in the proceedings. The shared task drew 23 teams, 14 system papers and 12 acceptances.
- **Resources for endangered languages:**
  - a Burushaski–English speech translation dataset (about 10 hours, 42 speakers);
  - the first morphological transducer for Limbu;
  - Nwāchā Munā, a 5.39-hour Nepal Bhasha (Newari) speech corpus with an ASR benchmark.
- **New benchmarks:**
  - BNLI, for Bengali NLI;
  - NEGTEG, five Telugu negation-related tasks, on which multilingual models performed poorly;
  - NeCCo, Nepali cultural commonsense across five domains;
  - ILAKKANAM, 820 annotated Tamil school-level questions;
  - Nep-Health-Misinfo, for Nepali health misinformation.
- **Corpora:**
  - SiPaKosa, a Sinhala–Pali corpus built from 16 Buddhist sources and containing 786K sentences and 9.25M words;
  - a Romanized Nepali dataset of 6,500+ social media comments, 1,518 of them manually annotated;
  - a four-class Punjabi speech emotion dataset, on which ResNet-34 reached 96% accuracy in the combined-domain setting.
- **Methods:** Hi-SEMFLOW applies a Lie algebra–based approach to Hindi span labeling. It gains 2–3 F1 points on HiSlang-4.9k.

*Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.*

## Institutions

- [Virginia Tech](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/virginia-tech/) — University, Blacksburg, United States · 36 works · 43,036 citations
- [Indian Institute of Technology Delhi](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/indian-institute-of-technology-delhi/) — University, New Delhi, India · 22 works · 1,036 citations
- [University of Jaffna](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-jaffna/) — University, Jaffna, Sri Lanka · 7 works · 70 citations
- [Kathmandu University](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/kathmandu-university/) — University, Kathmandu, Nepal · 7 works · 20 citations

Also on the byline: [Mohammad Ali Jinnah University](https://ror.org/02xx4jg88).

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🧭 Topics (1): [📏 Evaluation & benchmarks](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/evaluation-benchmarks/) · 1,220 works

## Cite

Cite as: Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran, Surendrabikram Thapa, Ashwini Vaidya, Tafseer Ahmed and Bal Krishna Bal. 2026. Findings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026). Proceedings of the Second workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL2026).

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```bibtex
@inproceedings{sarveswaran2026findings,
  title = {{Findings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026)}},
  author = {Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran, Surendrabikram Thapa, Ashwini Vaidya, Tafseer Ahmed and Bal Krishna Bal},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL2026)},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.63317/4c7g3mdcb3jv},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.63317/4c7g3mdcb3jv}
}
```

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## References

25 references, 20 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

1. Farah Binta Haque, Md Yasin, Shishir Saha, Md Shoaib Akhter Rafi, and Farig Sadeque. 2026. BNLI: A Linguistically-Refined Bengali Dataset for Natural Language Inference. In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges Ashish Acharya, Anish Khatiwada, Rohit Khadka, and Pragya Aryal. 2026. TeamHer… [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Farah+Binta+Haque%2C+Md+Yasin%2C+Shishir+Saha%2C+Md+Shoaib+Akhter+Rafi%2C+and+Farig+Sadeque%2E+2026%2E+BNLI%3A+A+Linguistically%2DRefined+Bengali+Dataset+for+Natural+Language+Inference%2E+In+Proceedings+of+the+Second+W)
2. Ab-tahee Kabir, and Hasan Murad. 2026. [Team Oryu@CHiPSAL 2026: Integrating Text and Vision Transformers for Multimodal Hate Speech Detection in Memes](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/orny-2026-team-oryu-chipsal-2026-integrating/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain). European…
3. Hans Henrich Hock and Elena Bashir, editors. 2016. The Languages and Linguistics of South Asia. De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, Boston. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Hans+Henrich+Hock+and+Elena+Bashir%2C+editors%2E+2016%2E+The+Languages+and+Linguistics+of+South+Asia%2E+De+Gruyter+Mouton%2C+Berlin%2C+Boston%2E)
4. Md. Sajjad Hossain, Kawsar Ahmed, Suny Md Ashraf Khan, and Mohammed Moshiul Hoque. 2026. Exploring Large Language Models for Multitask Learning in Bengali Text Classification. In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, M… [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Md%2E+Sajjad+Hossain%2C+Kawsar+Ahmed%2C+Suny+Md+Ashraf+Khan%2C+and+Mohammed+Moshiul+Hoque%2E+2026%2E+Exploring+Large+Language+Models+for+Multitask+Learning+in+Bengali+Text+Classification%2E+In+Proceedings+of+the+Se)
5. Aadarsh Pandit, Yudhin Khanal, Ishan Pandey, Kushal Kunwar, and Sunil Regmi. 2026. [Reward-Guided Fine-Tuning of Whisper for Low-Resource Nepali Speech Recognition](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/pandit-2026-reward-guided-fine-tuning-whisper/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spa…
6. Sujal Maharjan, Astha Shrestha, Laxmi Thapa, Sweta Poudel, Shuvam Shiwakoti, Rabin Thapa, Kritesh Rauniyar, and Surendrabikram Thapa. 2026. [Improving Public Health Safety in Low-Resource Languages Using a Human-Verified Health Misinformation Corpus and Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/maharjan-2026-improving-public-health-safety-low/). In Proceedings of the Se…
7. Suraj Patel, Kashish Kumari Dhami, Norden Sherpa, and Supriya Khadka. 2026. [From Romanized to Devanagari: Enhancing Nepali Sentiment Analysis with NepaliXlit](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/patel-2026-romanized-devanagari-enhancing-nepali-sentiment/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain).…
8. Manikandan Ravikiran, Tanmay Tiwari, Vibhu Gupta, and Rohit Saluja. 2026. [Hi-SEMFLOW: Lie Algebra–Based Semantic Flow for Span-Level Informal Language Identification in Hindi](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ravikiran-2026-hi-semflow-lie-algebra-based/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, M…
9. Sidratul Muntaha, Sabila Anzum, Arpita Mallik, and Hasan Murad. 2026. [NeuralNoodles@CHiPSAL 2026: Late-Fusion Multimodal Stacking for Nepali Meme Sentiment Classification](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/muntaha-2026-neuralnoodles-chipsal-2026-late-fusion/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiP-SAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mall…
10. Sunil Regmi, Bipesh Subedi, Saugat Singh, and Suman Shrestha. 2026. [linus@CHiPSAL 2026: Multimodal Hate Speech and Sentiment Detection in Low-Resource Memes using Late-Fusion Hybrid Architecture](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/regmi-2026-linus-chipsal-2026-multimodal-hate/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @…
11. Bushra Nasim, Kinza Latif, Muhammad Zohair, Muhammad Hassan Asif, and Zarmeen Nasim. 2026. [Evaluating Large Language Models for Medical Named Entity Recognition in Urdu: A Benchmark Study](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nasim-2026-evaluating-large-language-models-medical/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2…
12. Tauqeer Saleem, Abdul Samad, Azkaa Nisar, Fatima Faisal, Adina Adnan Mansoor, and Mahrukh Yousuf. 2026. [Development of Burushaski Speech – English Text Translation Dataset](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/saleem-2026-development-burushaski-speech-english-text/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mall…
13. Sathasivam Nerujan and Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran. 2026. [A Feature-Fusion Ensemble Approach for Tamil Hate Speech Detection](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nerujan-2026-feature-fusion-ensemble-approach-tamil/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain). European Language Resources Associ…
14. Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran, Gihan Dias, and Miriam Butt. 2021. Thamizhi morph: A morphological parser for the tamil language. Machine Translation, 35(1):37–70. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Kengatharaiyer+Sarveswaran%2C+Gihan+Dias%2C+and+Miriam+Butt%2E+2021%2E+Thamizhi+morph%3A+A+morphological+parser+for+the+tamil+language%2E+Machine+Translation%2C+35%281%29%3A37%E2%80%9370%2E)
15. Surendrabikram Thapa, Shuvam Shiwakoti, Siddhant Bikram Shah, Kritesh Rauniyar, Laxmi Thapa, Surabhi Adhikari, Kristina T. Johnson, Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran, Bal Krishna Bal, and Usman Naseem. 2026. [Multimodal hate and sentiment understanding in low-resource text-embedded images for online safety…](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/thapa-2026-multimodal-hate-sentiment-understanding-low/)
16. Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran, Surendrabikram Thapa, Sana Shams, Ashwini Vaidya, and Bal Krishna Bal. 2025. A brief overview of the first workshop on challenges in processing South Asian languages (CHiPSAL). In Proceedings of the First Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL… [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Kengatharaiyer+Sarveswaran%2C+Surendrabikram+Thapa%2C+Sana+Shams%2C+Ashwini+Vaidya%2C+and+Bal+Krishna+Bal%2E+2025%2E+A+brief+overview+of+the+first+workshop+on+challenges+in+processing+South+Asian+languages+%28CHiPS)
17. Jeyarajalingam Varsha, Menan Velayuthan, Sumirtha Karunakaran, Rasan Nivethiga, and Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran. 2026. [Evaluating Linguistic Knowledge of LLMs in Tamil: The ILAKKANAM Benchmark](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/varsha-2026-evaluating-linguistic-knowledge-llms-tamil/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LR…
18. Rishikesh Kumar Sharma, Safal Narshing Shrestha, Jenny Poudel, Rupak Tiwari, Arju Shrestha, Rupak Raj Ghimire, and Bal Krishna Bal. 2026. [Nwāchā Munā: A Devanagari Speech Corpus and Proximal Transfer Benchmark for Nepal Bhasha ASR](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sharma-2026-nwacha-muna-devanagari-speech-corpus/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing…
19. Shashank Vishwakarma and Rakesh Kumar. 2026. [Why Does Low-Rank Adaptation Work for Hindi-English Code-Mixing? A Geometric Analysis](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/vishwakarma-2026-why-does-low-rank-adaptation/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain). European Language Resources…
20. Sandesh Shrestha, Bikram K.C., Akshyat Shah, Ashish Acharya, and Rabin Thapa. 2026a. [Multi-Modal-Minds@CHiPSAL 2026: A Comparative Study of Textual, Visual and Multimodal Architecture for Nepali Meme Moderation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shrestha-2026-multi-modal-minds-chipsal-2026/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages…
21. Samir Wagle, Reewaj Khanal, and Abiral Adhikari. 2026. [MEME-Fusion@CHiPSAL 2026: Multimodal Ablation Study of Hate Detection and Sentiment Analysis on Nepali Memes](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wagle-2026-meme-fusion-chipsal-2026-multimodal/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiP-SAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (S…
22. Sanket Shrestha, Raunak Regmi, Sadikshya Ghimire, Satyam Rana, and Supriya Khadka. 2026b. [NeCCo: Nepali Cultural Commonsense Benchmark for Large Language Model Evaluation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shrestha-2026-necco-nepali-cultural-commonsense-benchmark/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallo…
23. Fatima Tu Zahra, Kulsoom Asim, Sandesh Kumar, and Abdul Samad. 2026. [Cross-Domain Evaluation of Transformer-Based Models for Punjabi Speech Emotion Recognition](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zahra-2026-cross-domain-evaluation-transformer-based/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain)…
24. Avyaya Singh and Jonathan North Washington. 2026. [A Morphological Transducer for the Limbu Language](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/singh-2026-morphological-transducer-limbu-language/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain). European Language Resources Association (ELRA).
25. Gokulan Sivakumaran, Randil Pushpananda, and ERAD Bandara. 2026. [Comparative Analysis of Tokenizers in Tamil Text Classification in Low Resource Settings](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sivakumaran-2026-comparative-analysis-tokenizers-tamil-text/). In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages (CHiPSAL 2026) @ LREC 2026, Palma, Mallorca (Spain). Euro…

*Updated 31 October 2026*