--- title: "Mova: tokens → tree — papers it applies, page 1" description: "50 papers Mova applies at the stage «tokens → tree»: Building the Universal Dependencies tree: the transition parser, the treebanks, the grammars of…" canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/tree/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/tree/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [projects](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/) / [Mova](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/) / [Main list](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/main/) / tokens → tree Mova · papers by stage # tokens → tree Building the Universal Dependencies tree: the transition parser, the treebanks, the grammars of English as rule sources. The 50 works of [Mova](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/)'s own list that this stage uses · page 1 of 2; measured marks a work whose effect Mova measured in its own experiments (3 here). Each title opens our card: the summary, how Mova uses the work, its references and who cites it. What the stage does is on [Mova's pipeline page](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/); every stage is on [the main list](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/main/). **1** [2](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/tree/page/2/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/tree/page/2/) - [Incremental Parsing with the Perceptron Algorithm](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/collins-2004-incremental-parsing-perceptron-algorithm/)measured Michael Collins, Brian Roark · 2004 **What Mova took:** math/src/steps.rs: word problems are solved as a transition system — the model walks through the numbers in text order and at each step chooses SHIFT (take the number), SKIP (ignore it) or REDUCE… - [A Tale of Two Parsers: Investigating and Combining Graph-based and Transition-based Dependency Parsing](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2008-tale-two-parsers-investigating-combining/)measured Yue Zhang, Stephen Clark · 2008 **What Mova took:** `en/src/parse.rs`: the English UD parser is an arc-standard transition system (SHIFT / LEFT(label) / RIGHT(label)) with weight tables trained by an averaged perceptron. Decoding uses a beam of 8 hypotheses, and training uses beam… - [Applying Occam's Razor to Transformer-Based Dependency Parsing: What Works, What Doesn't, and What is Really Necessary](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/grunewald-2021-applying-occam-s-razor-transformer/)measured Stefan Grünewald, Annemarie Friedrich, Jonas Kuhn · 2021 **What Mova took:** the development notes of `en`: the STEPS (XLM-R) result on English-EWT test, 91.91 LAS as reported in the paper, is one of the reference points in the benchmark table that Mova's own tagger and parser are measured against. - [The Grammar of English Grammars](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/brown-1851-grammar-english-grammars/) Goold Brown · 1851 (10th ed. 1880 used, Project Gutenberg #11615) **What Mova took:** Cited in about 35 grammar "seeds" (curated rule notes) under en/seeds/verbal/ and en/seeds/lexicon/, and named as a source in about 30 executable rules of the English grammar expert system… - [An English Grammar: Methodical, Analytical, and Historical](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/matzner-1874-english-grammar-methodical-analytical/) Eduard Mätzner (translated by C. J. Grece) · 1874 **What Mova took:** Cited in about 24 seeds in en/seeds/morph/ (comparison, adjectives used as nouns, -ly and flat adverbs, articles, genitive -s, plurals, pronouns, word-formation suffixes, spelling changes) and named in 6 executable rules of the… - [Higher Lessons in English (1877/1886) and Graded Lessons in English (1877)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/reed-1877-higher-lessons-english/) Alonzo Reed, Brainerd Kellogg · 1877 **What Mova took:** Cited in about 30 seeds in en/seeds/verbal/ and en/seeds/lexicon/… - [Essentials of English Grammar for the Use of Schools](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/whitney-1877-essentials-english-grammar-use/) William Dwight Whitney · 1877 **What Mova took:** Cited in about 49 seeds in en/seeds/morph/ and named in about 28 executable rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs). - [A New English Grammar, Logical and Historical](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sweet-1891-new-english-grammar-logical/) Henry Sweet · 1891 (Part I: Introduction, Phonology and Accidence); Part II: Syntax, 1898 **What Mova took:** One of the main morphology sources: cited in about 54 seeds in en/seeds/morph/ and named in about 53 executable rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs). - [A Grammar of Late Modern English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/poutsma-1904-grammar-late-modern-english/) Hendrik Poutsma · 1904 (first edition; the 5 volumes used are 1914–1929) **What Mova took:** One of the two largest sources of the rule seeds: about 60 files, mostly in en/seeds/nominal/ and en/seeds/errors/, and about 88 executable rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs) name it. - [A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles, Parts II–VI](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/jespersen-1914-modern-english-grammar-historical/) Otto Jespersen · 1914–1942 (Part II 1914) **What Mova took:** The most widely cited grammar in the seeds: about 70 files across en/seeds/morph/, en/seeds/verbal/ and en/seeds/lexicon/, and about 44 executable rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs) name it as a source. - [The Characters of the English Verb (1921); The Infinitive, the Gerund and the Participles of the English Verb (1923)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/poutsma-1921-characters-english-verb/) Hendrik Poutsma · 1921 and 1923 **What Mova took:** Cited in about 21 seeds in en/seeds/lexicon/ and en/seeds/verbal/, and named in about 13 executable rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs). - [The Philosophy of Grammar](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/jespersen-1924-philosophy-grammar/) Otto Jespersen · 1924 **What Mova took:** Cited in 2 seeds and 3 executable rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs). - [A Handbook of Present-Day English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kruisinga-1925-handbook-present-day-english/) Etsko Kruisinga · 1925 (Part I, 4th ed.); Part II, 5th ed. 1931–1932 **What Mova took:** Cited in about 40 seeds in en/seeds/morph/ (comparison with -er/-est and more/most, suppletive and false comparatives, flat adverbs and -ly adverbs, articles, plurals, genitives, verb forms, clitics, spelling changes) and named… - [A Dictionary of Modern English Usage](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fowler-1926-dictionary-modern-english-usage/) H. W. Fowler · 1926 (1st edition) **What Mova took:** Cited in 9 seeds in en/seeds/errors/ and named in about 15 executable error rules of the grammar expert system (en/src/expert.rs). - [A Grammar of the English Language, Vol. III: Syntax](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/curme-1931-grammar-english-language-vol/) George O. Curme · 1931 **What Mova took:** Cited in about 34 seeds, mostly in en/seeds/nominal/… - [The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/huddleston-2002-cambridge-grammar-english-language/) Rodney Huddleston, Geoffrey K. Pullum (and collaborators) · 2002 (cited in Mova as "Huddleston & Pullum 2001") **What Mova took:** `en/seeds/verbal/core-objects.md` — the rule `en.verbal.object-head-adjective` states that among adjectives only worth, like and unlike take a direct object (`obj`/`iobj`) in UD. - [Incrementality in Deterministic Dependency Parsing](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nivre-2004-incrementality-deterministic-dependency-parsing/) Joakim Nivre · 2004 **What Mova took:** `en/src/parse.rs` — the dependency parser is a table-driven arc-standard transition automaton: state = stack + buffer, actions SHIFT / LEFT(label) / RIGHT(label). - [The Stanford Typed Dependencies Representation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/marneffe-2008-stanford-typed-dependencies-representation/) Marie-Catherine de Marneffe, Christopher D. Manning · 2008 **What Mova took:** `en/seeds/errors/xcomp-no-subject.md` — cited (via Mova's notes on English treebank history) for the observation that control was lost in older SD conversions, as background to the rule `en.errors.xcomp-no-subject`… - [Correcting Dependency Annotation Errors](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dickinson-2009-correcting-dependency-annotation-errors/) Markus Dickinson · 2009 **What Mova took:** en/seeds/errors/consistency-detection-methods.md: a seed card surveying automatic ways to find annotation errors; this paper is cited for method 1… - [Annotating Coordination in the Penn Treebank](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/maier-2012-annotating-coordination-penn-treebank/) Wolfgang Maier et al. · 2012 **What Mova took:** `en/seeds/errors/coordination-structure.md` — cited as background in the note on UD v2 coordination (first conjunct is the head, `cc` attaches to the following conjunct), which carries the rules `en.errors.conj-rightward` and… - [On Grammaticality in the Syntactic Annotation of Learner Language](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dickinson-2015-grammaticality-syntactic-annotation-learner-language/) Markus Dickinson, Marwa Ragheb · 2015 **What Mova took:** `en/seeds/errors/literal-annotation-learner.md`: background for the seed "text with errors is annotated literally". It states as a policy point that the choice between ellipsis, coordination and enumeration depends on the… - [Does Universal Dependencies need a parsing representation? An investigation of English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/silveira-2015-does-universal-dependencies-need-parsing/) Natalia Silveira, Christopher Manning · 2015 **What Mova took:** `en/seeds/errors/function-words-leaves.md`: rule `en.errors.aux-cop-leaf` in the grammar expert system (`en/src/expert.rs`) — function words (`aux`, `cop`, `case`, `mark`, …) should be leaves with almost no dependents. The paper… - [Universal Dependencies for Learner English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/berzak-2016-universal-dependencies-learner-english/) Yevgeni Berzak et al. · 2016 **What Mova took:** en/seeds/errors/literal-annotation-learner.md: the literal-reading principle is adopted for Mova's annotation — a sentence with errors gets the tree of its actual words; spelling errors use UD's Typo=Yes/CorrectForm mechanism… - [Automatic Annotation and Evaluation of Error Types for Grammatical Error Correction](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bryant-2017-automatic-annotation-evaluation-error-types/) Christopher Bryant, Mariano Felice, Ted Briscoe · 2017 **What Mova took:** en/seeds/errors/errant-taxonomy.md: a seed card summarising the ERRANT taxonomy and its ordered verb rules (ORTH → SPELL → same lemma → FORM → TENSE → SVA), and mapping which error types leave a visible trace in a UD tree; each… - [Assessing the Annotation Consistency of the Universal Dependencies Corpora](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/marneffe-2017-assessing-annotation-consistency-universal-dependencies/) Marie-Catherine de Marneffe et al. · 2017 **What Mova took:** `en/seeds/errors/consistency-detection-methods.md` — method 1 ("variation nuclei") among the automatic error-detection methods Mova catalogues, with the paper's figures… **1** [2](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/tree/page/2/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/projects/mova/tree/page/2/)