---
title: "Language and Linguistics — papers, page 21 — Elamur Research"
description: "Language and Linguistics: 9,206 papers of the Elamur Research library · page 21 of 93 · 1926–2025, the most cited first — our summary of…"
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/21/"
---
[Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/21/)

[home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [shelves](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/) / [Arts and Humanities](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) / [Language and Linguistics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) / page 21

# 🗣️ Language and Linguistics

9,206 papers · page 21 of 93 · 1926–2025 · the most cited first · [all shelves](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/)

Language and Linguistics is a subfield of Arts and Humanities in the OpenAlex classification of science. The topics most of its papers here are on: «Natural Language Processing Techniques», «Topic Modeling», «Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation».

## Papers (9,206)

[← prev](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/20/) [1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) … [20](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/20/) **21** [22](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/22/) … [30](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/30/) … [93](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/93/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/22/)

1926. [**Design of a Knowledge-Based Report Generator**Karen Kukich*1983 · 275 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kukich-1983-design-knowledge-based-report-generator/)
1927. [**Text Classification Using Label Names Only: A Language Model Self-Training Approach**Yu Meng, Yunyi Zhang, Jiaxin Huang, et al.*2020 · 274 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/meng-2020-text-classification-label-names-only/)
1928. [**Applying Many-to-Many Alignments and Hidden Markov Models to Letter-to-Phoneme Conversion**Sittichai Jiampojamarn, Grzegorz Kondrak, Tarek Sherif*2007 · 274 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/jiampojamarn-2007-applying-many-many-alignments-hidden/)
1929. [**Statistical Syntax-Directed Translation with Extended Domain of Locality**Liang Huang, Kevin Knight, Aravind Joshi*2006 · 274 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/huang-2006-statistical-syntax-directed-translation-extended/)
1930. [**JailbreakBench: An Open Robustness Benchmark for Jailbreaking Large Language Models**Patrick Chao, Edoardo Debenedetti, Alexander Robey, et al.*2024 · 273 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/chao-2024-jailbreakbench-open-robustness-benchmark-jailbreaking/)
1931. [**A Diagnostic Study of Explainability Techniques for Text Classification**Pepa Atanasova, Jakob Grue Simonsen, Christina Lioma, et al.*2020 · 273 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/atanasova-2020-diagnostic-study-explainability-techniques-text/)
1932. [**WikiLingua: A New Benchmark Dataset for Cross-Lingual Abstractive Summarization**Faisal Ladhak, Esin Durmus, Claire Cardie, et al.*2020 · 273 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ladhak-2020-wikilingua-new-benchmark-dataset-cross/)
1933. [**POS Tagging of English-Hindi Code-Mixed Social Media Content**Yogarshi Vyas, Spandana Gella, Jatin Sharma, et al.*2014 · 273 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/vyas-2014-pos-tagging-english-hindi-code/)
1934. [**Joint Entity and Event Coreference Resolution across Documents**Heeyoung Lee, Marta Recasens, Angel Chang, et al.*2012 · 273 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/lee-2012-joint-entity-event-coreference-resolution/)
1935. [**Semantic Class Learning from the Web with Hyponym Pattern Linkage Graphs**Zornitsa Kozareva, Ellen Riloff, Eduard Hovy*2008 · 273 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kozareva-2008-semantic-class-learning-web-hyponym/)
1936. [**Polyjuice: Generating Counterfactuals for Explaining, Evaluating, and Improving Models**Tongshuang Wu, Marco Tulio Ribeiro, Jeffrey Heer, et al.*2021 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wu-2021-polyjuice-generating-counterfactuals-explaining-evaluating/)
1937. [**Learning to Retrieve Reasoning Paths over Wikipedia Graph for Question Answering**Akari Asai, Kazuma Hashimoto, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, et al.*2019 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/asai-2019-learning-retrieve-reasoning-paths-over/)
1938. [**Representing Schema Structure with Graph Neural Networks for Text-to-SQL Parsing**Ben Bogin, Jonathan Berant, Matt Gardner*2019 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bogin-2019-representing-schema-structure-graph-neural/)
1939. [**Zero-Shot Transfer Learning for Event Extraction**Lifu Huang, Heng Ji, Kyunghyun Cho, et al.*2018 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/huang-2018-zero-shot-transfer-learning-event/)
1940. [**Towards Universal Paraphrastic Sentence Embeddings**John Wieting, Mohit Bansal, Kevin Gimpel, et al.*2015 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wieting-2015-towards-universal-paraphrastic-sentence-embeddings/)
1941. [**Re-examining Machine Translation Metrics for Paraphrase Identification**Nitin Madnani, Joel Tetreault, Martin Chodorow*2012 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/madnani-2012-re-examining-machine-translation-metrics/)
1942. [**Joint Unsupervised Coreference Resolution with Markov Logic**Hoifung Poon, Pedro Domingos*2008 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/poon-2008-joint-unsupervised-coreference-resolution-markov/)
1943. [**Generative Models for Statistical Parsing with Combinatory Categorial Grammar**Julia Hockenmaier, Mark Steedman*2002 · 272 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hockenmaier-2002-generative-models-statistical-parsing-combinatory/)
1944. [**Corrective Retrieval Augmented Generation**Shi-Qi Yan, Jia-Chen Gu, Yun Zhu, et al.*2024 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yan-2024-corrective-retrieval-augmented-generation/)
1945. [**Medusa: Simple LLM Inference Acceleration Framework with Multiple Decoding Heads**Tianle Cai, Yuhong Li, Zhengyang Geng, et al.*2024 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/cai-2024-medusa-simple-llm-inference-acceleration/)
1946. [**XLM-T: Multilingual Language Models in Twitter for Sentiment Analysis and Beyond**Francesco Barbieri, Luis Espinosa Anke, Jose Camacho-Collados*2022 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/barbieri-2022-xlm-t-multilingual-language-models/)
1947. [**Surface Form Competition: Why the Highest Probability Answer Isn't Always Right**Ari Holtzman, Peter West, Vered Shwartz, et al.*2021 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/holtzman-2021-surface-form-competition-why-highest/)
1948. [**InfoXLM: An Information-Theoretic Framework for Cross-Lingual Language Model Pre-Training**Zewen Chi, Li Dong, Furu Wei, et al.*2020 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/chi-2020-infoxlm-information-theoretic-framework-cross/)
1949. [**Adaptively Sparse Transformers**Gonçalo M. Correia, Vlad Niculae, André F. T. Martins*2019 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/correia-2019-adaptively-sparse-transformers/)
1950. [**Simpler but More Accurate Semantic Dependency Parsing**Timothy Dozat, Christopher D. Manning*2018 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dozat-2018-simpler-but-more-accurate-semantic/)
1951. [**Hubness and Pollution: Delving into Cross-Space Mapping for Zero-Shot Learning**Angeliki Lazaridou, Georgiana Dinu, Marco Baroni*2015 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/lazaridou-2015-hubness-pollution-delving-into-cross/)
1952. [**WebAnno: A Flexible, Web-based and Visually Supported System for Distributed Annotations**Seid Muhie Yimam, Iryna Gurevych, Richard Eckart de Castilho, et al.*2013 · 271 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yimam-2013-webanno-flexible-web-based-visually/)
1953. [**Reducing Activation Recomputation in Large Transformer Models**Vijay Korthikanti, Jared Casper, Sangkug Lym, et al.*2022 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/korthikanti-2022-reducing-activation-recomputation-large-transformer/)
1954. [**COVIDLies: Detecting COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media**Tamanna Hossain, Robert L. Logan IV, Arjuna Ugarte, et al.*2020 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hossain-2020-covidlies-detecting-covid-19-misinformation/)
1955. [**Statistical Phrase-Based Post-Editing**Michel Simard, Cyril Goutte, Pierre Isabelle*2007 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/simard-2007-statistical-phrase-based-post-editing/)
1956. [**Minimum Cut Model for Spoken Lecture Segmentation**Igor Malioutov, Regina Barzilay*2006 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/malioutov-2006-minimum-cut-model-spoken-lecture/)
1957. [**CorMet: A Computational, Corpus-Based Conventional Metaphor Extraction System**Zachary J. Mason*2004 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mason-2004-cormet-computational-corpus-based-conventional/)
1958. [**The TREC-8 Question Answering Track**Ellen M. Voorhees, Dawn M. Tice*2000 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/voorhees-2000-trec-8-question-answering-track/)
1959. [**met*: A Method for Discriminating Metonymy and Metaphor by Computer**Dan Fass*1991 · 270 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fass-1991-met-method-discriminating-metonymy-metaphor/)
1960. [**Towards Understanding Chain-of-Thought Prompting: An Empirical Study of What Matters**Boshi Wang, Sewon Min, Xiang Deng, et al.*2023 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2023-understanding-chain-thought-prompting-empirical/)
1961. [**DiffCSE: Difference-based Contrastive Learning for Sentence Embeddings**Yung-Sung Chuang, Rumen Dangovski, Hongyin Luo, et al.*2022 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/chuang-2022-diffcse-difference-based-contrastive-learning/)
1962. [**An Explanation of In-context Learning as Implicit Bayesian Inference**Sang Michael Xie, Aditi Raghunathan, Percy Liang, et al.*2021 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xie-2021-explanation-context-learning-implicit-bayesian/)
1963. [**Efficient Dialogue State Tracking by Selectively Overwriting Memory**Sungdong Kim, Sohee Yang, Gyuwan Kim, et al.*2020 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kim-2020-efficient-dialogue-state-tracking-selectively/)
1964. [**Retrieve, Rerank and Rewrite: Soft Template Based Neural Summarization**Ziqiang Cao, Wenjie Li, Sujian Li, et al.*2018 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/cao-2018-retrieve-rerank-rewrite-soft-template/)
1965. [**A Challenge Set Approach to Evaluating Machine Translation**Pierre Isabelle, Colin Cherry, George Foster*2017 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/isabelle-2017-challenge-set-approach-evaluating-machine/)
1966. [**Diverse Beam Search: Decoding Diverse Solutions from Neural Sequence Models**Ashwin K Vijayakumar, Michael Cogswell, Ramprasath R. Selvaraju, et al.*2016 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/vijayakumar-2016-diverse-beam-search-decoding-diverse/)
1967. [**Cross-lingual Dependency Parsing Based on Distributed Representations**Jiang Guo, Wanxiang Che, David Yarowsky, et al.*2015 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/guo-2015-cross-lingual-dependency-parsing-based/)
1968. [**SemEval-2015 Task 11: Sentiment Analysis of Figurative Language in Twitter**Aniruddha Ghosh, Guofu Li, Tony Veale, et al.*2015 · 269 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ghosh-2015-semeval-2015-task-11-sentiment/)
1969. [**Having Beer after Prayer? Measuring Cultural Bias in Large Language Models**Tarek Naous, Michael J. Ryan, Alan Ritter, et al.*2023 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/naous-2023-having-beer-after-prayer-measuring/)
1970. [**GPT3Mix: Leveraging Large-scale Language Models for Text Augmentation**Kang Min Yoo, Dongju Park, Jaewook Kang, et al.*2021 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yoo-2021-gpt3mix-leveraging-large-scale-language/)
1971. [**Attention is Not Only a Weight: Analyzing Transformers with Vector Norms**Goro Kobayashi, Tatsuki Kuribayashi, Sho Yokoi, et al.*2020 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kobayashi-2020-attention-is-not-only-weight/)
1972. [**ConveRT: Efficient and Accurate Conversational Representations from Transformers**Matthew Henderson, Iñigo Casanueva, Nikola Mrkšić, et al.*2020 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/henderson-2020-convert-efficient-accurate-conversational-representations/)
1973. [**Injecting Numerical Reasoning Skills into Language Models**Mor Geva, Ankit Gupta, Jonathan Berant*2020 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/geva-2020-injecting-numerical-reasoning-skills-into/)
1974. [**Zero-Shot Stance Detection: A Dataset and Model using Generalized Topic Representations**Emily Allaway, Kathleen McKeown*2020 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/allaway-2020-zero-shot-stance-detection-dataset/)
1975. [**A Transition-based Algorithm for AMR Parsing**Chuan Wang, Nianwen Xue, Sameer Pradhan*2015 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2015-transition-based-algorithm-amr-parsing/)
1976. [**Context Dependent Claim Detection**Ran Levy, Yonatan Bilu, Daniel Hershcovich, et al.*2014 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/levy-2014-context-dependent-claim-detection/)
1977. [**Open Domain Targeted Sentiment**Margaret Mitchell, Jacqui Aguilar, Theresa Wilson, et al.*2013 · 268 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mitchell-2013-open-domain-targeted-sentiment/)
1978. [**Prometheus: Inducing Fine-grained Evaluation Capability in Language Models**Seungone Kim, Jamin Shin, Yejin Cho, et al.*2023 · 267 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kim-2023-prometheus-inducing-fine-grained-evaluation/)
1979. [**CUAD: An Expert-Annotated NLP Dataset for Legal Contract Review**Dan Hendrycks, Collin Burns, Anya Chen, et al.*2021 · 267 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hendrycks-2021-cuad-expert-annotated-nlp-dataset/)
1980. [**Handling Divergent Reference Texts when Evaluating Table-to-Text Generation**Bhuwan Dhingra, Manaal Faruqui, Ankur Parikh, et al.*2019 · 267 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dhingra-2019-handling-divergent-reference-texts-when/)
1981. [**Joint Inference for Fine-grained Opinion Extraction**Bishan Yang, Claire Cardie*2013 · 267 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yang-2013-joint-inference-fine-grained-opinion/)
1982. [**Understanding R1-Zero-Like Training: A Critical Perspective**Zichen Liu, Changyu Chen, Wenjun Li, et al.*2025 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liu-2025-understanding-r1-zero-like-training/)
1983. [**Jailbreaking ChatGPT via Prompt Engineering: An Empirical Study**Yi Liu, Gelei Deng, Zhengzi Xu, et al.*2023 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liu-2023-jailbreaking-chatgpt-prompt-engineering-empirical/)
1984. [**An Analysis of Simple Data Augmentation for Named Entity Recognition**Xiang Dai, Heike Adel*2020 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dai-2020-analysis-simple-data-augmentation-named/)
1985. [**Queens are Powerful too: Mitigating Gender Bias in Dialogue Generation**Emily Dinan, Angela Fan, Adina Williams, et al.*2020 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dinan-2020-queens-are-powerful-too-mitigating/)
1986. [**A Dual Reinforcement Learning Framework for Unsupervised Text Style Transfer**Fuli Luo, Peng Li, Jie Zhou, et al.*2019 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/luo-2019-dual-reinforcement-learning-framework-unsupervised/)
1987. [**Summarizing Opinions: Aspect Extraction Meets Sentiment Prediction and They Are Both Weakly Supervised**Stefanos Angelidis, Mirella Lapata*2018 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/angelidis-2018-summarizing-opinions-aspect-extraction-meets/)
1988. [**When Are Tree Structures Necessary for Deep Learning of Representations?**Jiwei Li, Thang Luong, Dan Jurafsky, et al.*2015 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/li-2015-when-are-tree-structures-necessary/)
1989. [**Weakly Supervised Learning for Hedge Classification in Scientific Literature**Ben Medlock, Ted Briscoe*2007 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/medlock-2007-weakly-supervised-learning-hedge-classification/)
1990. [**Fast Methods for Kernel-Based Text Analysis**Taku Kudo, Yuji Matsumoto*2003 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kudo-2003-fast-methods-kernel-based-text/)
1991. [**Automatic Verb Classification Based on Statistical Distributions of Argument Structure**Paola Merlo, Suzanne Stevenson*2001 · 266 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/merlo-2001-automatic-verb-classification-based-statistical/)
1992. [**LongLoRA: Efficient Fine-tuning of Long-Context Large Language Models**Yukang Chen, Shengju Qian, Haotian Tang, et al.*2023 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/chen-2023-longlora-efficient-fine-tuning-long/)
1993. [**Small Data? No Problem! Exploring the Viability of Pretrained Multilingual Language Models for Low-resourced Languages**Kelechi Ogueji, Yuxin Zhu, Jimmy Lin*2021 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ogueji-2021-small-data-no-problem-exploring/)
1994. [**Towards Understanding and Mitigating Social Biases in Language Models**Paul Pu Liang, Chiyu Wu, Louis-Philippe Morency, et al.*2021 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liang-2021-towards-understanding-mitigating-social-biases/)
1995. [**Few-shot Slot Tagging with Collapsed Dependency Transfer and Label-enhanced Task-adaptive Projection Network**Yutai Hou, Wanxiang Che, Yongkui Lai, et al.*2020 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hou-2020-few-shot-slot-tagging-collapsed/)
1996. [**IndoNLU: Benchmark and Resources for Evaluating Indonesian Natural Language Understanding**Bryan Wilie, Karissa Vincentio, Genta Indra Winata, et al.*2020 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wilie-2020-indonlu-benchmark-resources-evaluating-indonesian/)
1997. [**Evaluating the Underlying Gender Bias in Contextualized Word Embeddings**Christine Basta, Marta R. Costa-jussà, Noe Casas*2019 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/basta-2019-evaluating-underlying-gender-bias-contextualized/)
1998. [**A Continuously Growing Dataset of Sentential Paraphrases**Wuwei Lan, Siyu Qiu, Hua He, et al.*2017 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/lan-2017-continuously-growing-dataset-sentential-paraphrases/)
1999. [**HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory for Large Language Models**Bernal Jimenez Gutierrez, Yiheng Shu, Yu Gu, et al.*2024 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gutierrez-2024-hipporag-neurobiologically-inspired-long-term/)
2000. [**Unicoder: A Universal Language Encoder by Pre-training with Multiple Cross-lingual Tasks**Haoyang Huang, Yaobo Liang, Nan Duan, et al.*2019 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/huang-2019-unicoder-universal-language-encoder-pre/)
2001. [**Deep Recurrent Models with Fast-Forward Connections for Neural Machine Translation**Jie Zhou, Ying Cao, Xuguang Wang, et al.*2016 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhou-2016-deep-recurrent-models-fast-forward/)
2002. [**Learning Global Features for Coreference Resolution**Sam Wiseman, Alexander M. Rush, Stuart M. Shieber*2016 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wiseman-2016-learning-global-features-coreference-resolution/)
2003. [**SemEval-2016 Task 12: Clinical TempEval**Steven Bethard, Guergana Savova, Wei-Te Chen, et al.*2016 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bethard-2016-semeval-2016-task-12-clinical/)
2004. [**Humor Recognition and Humor Anchor Extraction**Diyi Yang, Alon Lavie, Chris Dyer, et al.*2015 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yang-2015-humor-recognition-humor-anchor-extraction/)
2005. [**TakeLab: Systems for Measuring Semantic Text Similarity**Frane Šarić, Goran Glavaš, Vanja Mladen Karan, et al.*2012 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/saric-2012-takelab-systems-measuring-semantic-text/)
2006. [**Joint Parsing and Named Entity Recognition**Jenny Rose Finkel, Christopher D. Manning*2009 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/finkel-2009-joint-parsing-named-entity-recognition/)
2007. [**A Uniform Approach to Analogies, Synonyms, Antonyms, and Associations**Peter Turney*2008 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/turney-2008-uniform-approach-analogies-synonyms-antonyms/)
2008. [**A Comparison of Pivot Methods for Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation**Masao Utiyama, Hitoshi Isahara*2007 · 264 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/utiyama-2007-comparison-pivot-methods-phrase-based/)
2009. [**Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?**Lin Chen, Jinsong Li, Xiaoyi Dong, et al.*2024 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/chen-2024-right-way-evaluating-large-vision/)
2010. [**Results of WMT22 Metrics Shared Task: Stop Using BLEU – Neural Metrics Are Better and More Robust**Markus Freitag, Ricardo Rei, Nitika Mathur, et al.*2022 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/freitag-2022-results-wmt22-metrics-shared-task/)
2011. [**Induction Networks for Few-Shot Text Classification**Ruiying Geng, Binhua Li, Yongbin Li, et al.*2019 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/geng-2019-induction-networks-few-shot-text/)
2012. [**Selective Attention for Context-aware Neural Machine Translation**Sameen Maruf, André F. T. Martins, Gholamreza Haffari*2019 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/maruf-2019-selective-attention-context-aware-neural/)
2013. [**Neural End-to-End Learning for Computational Argumentation Mining**Steffen Eger, Johannes Daxenberger, Iryna Gurevych*2017 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/eger-2017-neural-end-end-learning-computational/)
2014. [**CODRA: A Novel Discriminative Framework for Rhetorical Analysis**Shafiq Joty, Giuseppe Carenini, Raymond T. Ng*2015 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/joty-2015-codra-novel-discriminative-framework-rhetorical/)
2015. [**From Light to Rich ERE: Annotation of Entities, Relations, and Events**Zhiyi Song, Ann Bies, Stephanie Strassel, et al.*2015 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/song-2015-light-rich-ere-annotation-entities/)
2016. [**Toward Semantics-Based Answer Pinpointing**Eduard Hovy, Laurie Gerber, Ulf Hermjakob, et al.*2001 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hovy-2001-semantics-based-answer-pinpointing/)
2017. [**An Empirically-based System for Processing Definite Descriptions**Renata Vieira, Massimo Poesio*2000 · 263 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/vieira-2000-empirically-based-system-processing-definite/)
2018. [**GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models**Iman Mirzadeh, Keivan Alizadeh, Hooman Shahrokhi, et al.*2024 · 262 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mirzadeh-2024-gsm-symbolic-understanding-limitations-mathematical/)
2019. [**The Effect of Sampling Temperature on Problem Solving in Large Language Models**Matthew Renze*2024 · 262 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/renze-2024-effect-sampling-temperature-problem-solving/)
2020. [**Towards Measuring the Representation of Subjective Global Opinions in Language Models**Esin Durmus, Karina Nguyen, Thomas I. Liao, et al.*2023 · 262 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/durmus-2023-towards-measuring-representation-subjective-global/)
2021. [**BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Models**Nandan Thakur, Nils Reimers, Andreas Rücklé, et al.*2021 · 262 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/thakur-2021-beir-heterogenous-benchmark-zero/)
2022. [**Zero-shot User Intent Detection via Capsule Neural Networks**Congying Xia, Chenwei Zhang, Xiaohui Yan, et al.*2018 · 262 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xia-2018-zero-shot-user-intent-detection/)
2023. [**SemEval-2017 Task 3: Community Question Answering**Preslav Nakov, Doris Hoogeveen, Lluís Màrquez, et al.*2017 · 262 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nakov-2017-semeval-2017-task-3-community/)
2024. [**DoLa: Decoding by Contrasting Layers Improves Factuality in Large Language Models**Yung-Sung Chuang, Yujia Xie, Hongyin Luo, et al.*2023 · 261 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/chuang-2023-dola-decoding-contrasting-layers-improves/)
2025. [**DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelines**Omar Khattab, Arnav Singhvi, Paridhi Maheshwari, et al.*2023 · 261 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khattab-2023-dspy-compiling-declarative-language-model/)

[← prev](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/20/) [1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/) … [20](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/20/) **21** [22](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/22/) … [30](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/30/) … [93](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/93/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/language-and-linguistics/page/22/)
