--- title: "Natural language processing — papers, page 2" description: "Natural language processing: 2421 papers of the Elamur Research library · page 2 of 97 — our summary of each, its ideas, references and who cites it." canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/2/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/2/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [shelves](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/) / [Natural language processing](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/) / page 2 # 💬 Natural language processing 2421 papers · page 2 of 97 · newest first · [all shelves](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/) Computational linguistics from the ACL Anthology and arXiv: language models, information extraction, dialogue, evaluation. [← prev](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/) [1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/) **2** [3](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/3/) … [97](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/97/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/3/) - [Early-Exit and Instant Confidence Translation Quality Estimation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zouhar-2026-early-exit-instant-confidence-translation/) — Vilém Zouhar, Maike Züfle, Beni Egressy, et al. · 2026 - [EIFFEL: a novel benchmark to measure bias of English heavy training on French idiomatic expressions](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/noel-2026-eiffel-novel-benchmark-measure-bias/) — Charlotte Noel, Nicholas Asher, Olivier Gouvert, et al. · 2026 - [Evaluating Hierarchical Aggregation and LLM-Based Matching for Synset Selection in Ancient Greek](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/villa-2026-evaluating-hierarchical-aggregation-llm-based/) — Luca Brigada Villa, Marco Passarotti, Chiara Zanchi, et al. · 2026 - [Evaluating Latin and Ancient Greek Sentence Alignment through Parallel Sentence Mining](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/reichbauer-2026-evaluating-latin-ancient-greek-sentence/) — Sebastian Reichbauer, Shu Okabe, Alexander Fraser · 2026 - [Evaluating LLM Style Transfer Through Readability-Based Age Assessments](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/maro-2026-evaluating-llm-style-transfer-through/) — Maria Di Maro, Antonio Origlia, Leonilda Bilo, et al. · 2026 - [Evaluating Machine Translation Datasets for Low-Web Data Languages: A Gendered Lens](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nigatu-2026-evaluating-machine-translation-datasets-low/) — Hellina Hailu Nigatu, Bethelhem Yemane Mamo, Bontu Fufa Balcha, et al. · 2026 - [Evaluating Native-Speaker Preferences on Machine Translation and Post-Edits for Five African Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/oirghi-2026-evaluating-native-speaker-preferences-machine/) — Hiba El Oirghi, Tajuddeen Gwadabe, Marine Carpuat · 2026 - [Evaluating Small Language Models for English-to-Portuguese Translation: Impact of Model Scale and Quantization](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/tamiosso-2026-evaluating-small-language-models-english/) — Gustavo Lopes Tamiosso, Rafael Oleques Nunes, Dennis Giovani Balreira · 2026 - [Evaluating the Retrieval Component in a Retrieval-Augmented Summarization System for Patient Records in French](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/naguib-2026-evaluating-retrieval-component-retrieval-augmented/) — Marco Naguib, Christel Gérardin, Victor Beaucoté, et al. · 2026 - [Evaluation of Multilingual Text Simplification for the Mental Health Domain: Exploring Small Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/pelloni-2026-evaluation-multilingual-text-simplification-mental/) — Olga Pelloni, Sandra Just, Lars Bongo · 2026 - [Exploring Cognitively Informed Sentence Simplification with Gaze-Guided Text Generation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sauberli-2026-exploring-cognitively-informed-sentence-simplification/) — Andreas Säuberli, Diego Frassinelli, Barbara Plank · 2026 - [Fine-Grained Reward Optimization for Machine Translation using Error Severity Mappings](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ramos-2026-fine-grained-reward-optimization-machine/) — Miguel Moura Ramos, Tomás Almeida, Daniel Vareta, et al. · 2026 - [From Form to Meaning: Interlingua Sense-Alignment of Offensive Language with LLMs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/roussopoulou-2026-form-meaning-interlingua-sense-alignment/) — Maria Alexandra Roussopoulou, Stella Markantonatou · 2026 - [From Graph to Text and Back: Semantic Fidelity in Automated Industrial Knowledge Graphs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zeinalipour-2026-graph-text-back-semantic-fidelity/) — Kamyar Zeinalipour, Silvia Severini, Alessia Borghini, et al. · 2026 - [From Lemmatization to Legal Terminology: Assessing an Hybrid Pipeline on Justinian's Digest](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/marongiu-2026-lemmatization-legal-terminology-assessing-hybrid/) — Paola Marongiu, Eva Sassolini · 2026 - [GLM-5: from Vibe Coding to Agentic Engineering](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/glm-2026-5-glm-5-vibe-coding/) — Aohan Zeng, Xin Lv, Zhenyu Hou, et al. · 2026 - [HCMUS_The Fangs at AbjadStyleTransfer Shared Task: Learning to Query Style, Contrastive Representations for Zero-Shot Arabic Authorship Style Transfer](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sy-2026-hcmus-fangs-abjadstyletransfer-shared-task/) — Duy Minh Dao Sy, Trung Kiet Huynh, Nguyen Chi Tran, et al. · 2026 - [Hebrew Diacritics Restoration using Visual Representation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/aclbulk-2026-elboher-hebrew-diacritics-restoration-visual-representation/) — Yair Elboher, Yuval Pinter · 2026 - [Human-AI Annotation Error Auditing for Hebrew Diacritization with Frontier LLMs](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/aclbulk-2026-gershuni-human-ai-annotation-error-auditing/) — Hillel Gershuni, Avi Shmidman · 2026 - [JudgeMeNot: Personalizing Large Language Models to Emulate Judicial Reasoning in Hebrew](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/findings-2026-razumenko-judgemenot-personalizing-large-language-models/) — Itay Razumenko, Arnon Sturm, Nir Grinberg · 2026 - [K-CoT：基于关键词思维链提示的中文排比句生成研究](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhong-2026-k-cot-chinese/) — 钟茂生, 甘家其, 张鹤君, et al. · 2026 - [Language Models for the Restoration of Latin Legal Manuscripts](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2026-language-models-restoration-latin-legal/) — Shibingfeng Zhang, Edoardo Caraffa, Annafelicia Zuffrano, et al. · 2026 - [Latin Represented Speech (LaReS): Linking LiLa and the DICES Database](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mambrini-2026-latin-represented-speech-lares-linking/) — Francesco Mambrini · 2026 - [LegalSim-PT: Building a Dataset for Legal Document Simplification in Portuguese Leveraging Linguistic Metrics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/scalercio-2026-legalsim-pt-building-dataset-legal/) — Arthur Scalercio, Maria José Finatto, Aline Paes · 2026 - [Let's Simplify Step by Step: Guiding LLM Towards Multilingual Unsupervised Proficiency-Controlled Sentence Simplification](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2026-let-s-simplify-step-step/) — Jingshen Zhang, Xin Ying Qiu, Lifang Lu, et al. · 2026 [← prev](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/) [1](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/) **2** [3](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/3/) … [97](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/97/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/nlp/page/3/)