--- title: "Biblical Hebrew — papers" description: "Biblical Hebrew: 254 papers of the Elamur Research library, the most cited first." canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/" --- [Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/) [home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [topics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/) / Biblical Hebrew # Biblical Hebrew 254 papers · page 1 of 4 · 1–25 · the most cited first · [all topics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/) The Hebrew of the Bible, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Mishnah: its grammar, text and tools. **1** [2](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/2/) [3](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/3/) [4](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/4/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/2/) 1. [**An HMM Approach to Vowel Restoration in Arabic and Hebrew**Ya'akov Gal*2002 · 106 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gal-2002-hmm-approach-vowel-restoration-arabic/) 2. [**The Tiberian Pronunciation Tradition of Biblical Hebrew**Geoffrey Khan*2020 · 75 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/khan-2020-tiberian-pronunciation-tradition-biblical/) 3. [**Late Biblical Hebrew and the Qumran Pesher Habakkuk**Ian Young*2008 · 67 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/young-2008-late-biblical-hebrew-qumran-pesher/) 4. [**Multi-Tape Two-Level Morphology: A Case Study in Semitic Non-Linear Morphology**George Anton Kiraz*1994 · 62 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kiraz-1994-multi-tape-two-level-morphology/) 5. [**Artificial intelligence based writer identification generates new evidence for the unknown scribes of the Dead Sea Scrolls exemplified by the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaᵃ)**Mladen Popovic, Maruf A. Dhali, Lambert Schomaker*2020 · 51 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/popovic-2020-artificial-intelligence-based-writer-identification/) 6. [**What's Wrong with Hebrew NLP? And How to Make it Right**Reut Tsarfaty, Shoval Sadde, Stav Klein, et al.*2019 · 50 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/tsarfaty-2019-what-s-wrong-hebrew-nlp/) 7. [**Unsupervised Decomposition of a Document into Authorial Components**Moshe Koppel, Navot Akiva, Idan Dershowitz, et al.*2011 · 46 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/koppel-2011-unsupervised-decomposition-document-into-authorial/) 8. [**Neural Decipherment via Minimum-Cost Flow: From Ugaritic to Linear B**Jiaming Luo, Yuan Cao, Regina Barzilay*2019 · 43 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/luo-2019-neural-decipherment-minimum-cost-flow/) 9. [**Learning Morpho-Lexical Probabilities from an Untagged Corpus with an Application to Hebrew**Moshe Levinger, Uzzi Ornan, Alon Itai*1995 · 43 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/levinger-1995-learning-morpho-lexical-probabilities-untagged/) 10. [**The Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Tiberian Reading Tradition**Aaron D. Hornkohl*2020 · 40 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hornkohl-2020-hebrew-dead-sea-scrolls-tiberian/) 11. [**A Finite-State Morphological Grammar of Hebrew**Shlomo Yona, Shuly Wintner*2005 · 40 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yona-2005-finite-state-morphological-grammar-hebrew/) 12. [**At the interface of syntax and prosody: Differentiating left dislocated and tripartite verbless clauses in Biblical Hebrew**Jacobus A. Naudé, Cynthia L. Miller-Naudé*2017 · 32 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/naude-2018-interface-syntax-prosody-differentiating-left/) 13. [**Large Pre-Trained Models with Extra-Large Vocabularies: A Contrastive Analysis of Hebrew BERT Models and a New One to Outperform Them All**Eylon Gueta, Avi Shmidman, Shaltiel Shmidman, et al.*2022 · 28 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gueta-2022-large-pre-trained-models-extra/) 14. [**Sound Changes in the (Pre-)Masoretic Reading Tradition and the Original Pronunciation of Biblical Aramaic**Benjamin D. Suchard*2019 · 28 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/suchard-2019-sound-changes-pre-masoretic-reading/) 15. [**Studies in Semitic Vocalisation and Reading Traditions**Aaron D. Hornkohl, Geoffrey Khan*2020 · 26 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hornkohl-2020-studies-semitic-vocalisation-reading/) 16. [**The Panchronic Yiqtol: Functionally Consistent and Cognitively Plausible**Alexander Andrason*2010 · 25 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/andrason-2010-panchronic-yiqtol-functionally-consistent-cognitively/) 17. [**Semitic Morphological Analysis and Generation Using Finite State Transducers with Feature Structures**Michael Gasser*2009 · 25 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gasser-2009-semitic-morphological-analysis-generation-finite/) 18. [**Identifying Semitic Roots: Machine Learning with Linguistic Constraints**Ezra Daya, Dan Roth, Shuly Wintner*2008 · 25 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/daya-2008-identifying-semitic-roots-machine-learning/) 19. [**Dating ancient manuscripts using radiocarbon and AI-based writing style analysis**Mladen Popovic, Maruf A. Dhali, Lambert Schomaker, et al.*2024 · 23 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/popovic-2024-dating-ancient-manuscripts-using-radiocarbon/) 20. [**Nakdan: Professional Hebrew Diacritizer**Avi Shmidman, Shaltiel Shmidman, Moshe Koppel, et al.*2020 · 23 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shmidman-2020-nakdan-professional-hebrew-diacritizer/) 21. [**The Noun אִישׁ (ʾîš) in Biblical Hebrew: A Term of Affiliation**David E. S. Stein*2008 · 23 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/stein-2008-noun-biblical-hebrew-term-affiliation/) 22. [**Learning Hebrew Roots: Machine Learning with Linguistic Constraints**Ezra Daya, Dan Roth, Shuly Wintner*2004 · 23 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/daya-2004-learning-hebrew-roots-machine-learning/) 23. [**New Perspectives in Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew**Aaron D. Hornkohl, Geoffrey Khan*2021 · 22 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hornkohl-2021-new-perspectives-biblical-rabbinic/) 24. [**The contribution of Qumran to historical Hebrew linguistics: Evidence from the syntax of participial negation**Jacobus A. Naudé, Cynthia L. Miller-Naudé*2016 · 21 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/naude-2016-contribution-qumran-historical-hebrew-linguistics/) 25. [**Left Dislocation in Biblical Hebrew: A Cognitive Linguistic Account**Josh Westbury*2014 · 21 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/westbury-2014-left-dislocation-biblical-hebrew-cognitive/) **1** [2](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/2/) [3](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/3/) [4](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/4/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/page/2/) Updated 23 October 2026 - [← previous topic Bias, fairness & safety](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/bias-fairness-safety/) - [next topic → Code & programming languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/code-and-programming/) - [↑ back to topics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/)