---
title: "Low-resource languages — papers"
description: "Low-resource languages: 147 papers of the Elamur Research library, the most cited first."
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/"
---
[Elamur Research](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/)

[home](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [topics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/) / Low-resource languages

# 🌱 Low-resource languages

147 papers · page 1 of 6 · the most cited first · [all topics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/)

Languages with little data: endangered, indigenous and under-served languages and how to work with them.

**1** [2](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/page/2/) … [6](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/page/6/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/page/2/)

- [MAD-X: An Adapter-Based Framework for Multi-Task Cross-Lingual Transfer](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/pfeiffer-2020-mad-x-adapter-based-framework/) — Jonas Pfeiffer, Ivan Vulić, Iryna Gurevych, et al. · 2020 · 831 citations
- [Meta-Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gu-2018-meta-learning-low-resource-neural/) — Jiatao Gu, Yong Wang, Yun Chen, et al. · 2018 · 451 citations
- [Data Augmentation for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fadaee-2017-data-augmentation-low-resource-neural/) — Marzieh Fadaee, Arianna Bisazza, Christof Monz · 2017 · 419 citations
- [A Survey on Recent Approaches for Natural Language Processing in Low-Resource Scenarios](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hedderich-2021-survey-recent-approaches-natural-language/) — Michael A. Hedderich, Lukas Lange, Heike Adel, et al. · 2021 · 399 citations
- [JW300: A Wide-Coverage Parallel Corpus for Low-Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/agic-2019-jw300-wide-coverage-parallel-corpus/) — Željko Agić, Ivan Vulić · 2019 · 373 citations
- [The FLORES Evaluation Datasets for Low-Resource Machine Translation: Nepali–English and Sinhala–English](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/guzman-2019-flores-evaluation-datasets-low-resource/) — Francisco Guzmán, Peng-Jen Chen, Myle Ott, et al. · 2019 · 361 citations
- [Universal Neural Machine Translation for Extremely Low Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gu-2018-universal-neural-machine-translation-extremely/) — Jiatao Gu, Hany Hassan, Jacob Devlin, et al. · 2018 · 356 citations
- [Participatory Research for Low-resourced Machine Translation: A Case Study in African Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nekoto-2020-participatory-research-low-resourced-machine/) — Wilhelmina Nekoto, Vukosi Marivate, Tshinondiwa Matsila, et al. · 2020 · 333 citations
- [BanglaBERT: Language Model Pretraining and Benchmarks for Low-Resource Language Understanding Evaluation in Bangla](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bhattacharjee-2022-banglabert-language-model-pretraining-benchmarks/) — Abhik Bhattacharjee, Tahmid Hasan, Wasi Ahmad, et al. · 2022 · 296 citations
- [Copied Monolingual Data Improves Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/currey-2017-copied-monolingual-data-improves-low/) — Anna Currey, Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone, Kenneth Heafield · 2017 · 296 citations
- [Transfer Learning across Low-Resource, Related Languages for Neural Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nguyen-2017-transfer-learning-across-low-resource/) — Toan Q. Nguyen, David Chiang · 2017 · 285 citations
- [Small Data? No Problem! Exploring the Viability of Pretrained Multilingual Language Models for Low-resourced Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ogueji-2021-small-data-no-problem-exploring/) — Kelechi Ogueji, Yuxin Zhu, Jimmy Lin · 2021 · 265 citations
- [Decolonising Speech and Language Technology](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bird-2020-decolonising-speech-language-technology/) — Steven Bird · 2020 · 254 citations
- [Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/haddow-2022-survey-low-resource-machine-translation/) — Barry Haddow, Rachel Bawden, Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone, et al. · 2022 · 251 citations
- [mGPT: Few-Shot Learners Go Multilingual](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shliazhko-2022-mgpt-few-shot-learners-go/) — Oleh Shliazhko, Alena Fenogenova, Maria Tikhonova, et al. · 2022 · 203 citations
- [Multilingual Projection for Parsing Truly Low-Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/agic-2016-multilingual-projection-parsing-truly-low/) — Željko Agić, Anders Johannsen, Barbara Plank, et al. · 2016 · 195 citations
- [The Tatoeba Translation Challenge – Realistic Data Sets for Low Resource and Multilingual MT](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/tiedemann-2020-tatoeba-translation-challenge-realistic-data/) — Jörg Tiedemann · 2020 · 183 citations
- [Low-Resource Languages Jailbreak GPT-4](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yong-2023-low-resource-languages-jailbreak-gpt/) — Zheng-Xin Yong, Cristina Menghini, Stephen H. Bach · 2023 · 168 citations
- [Data Augmentation via Dependency Tree Morphing for Low-Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ahin-2018-data-augmentation-dependency-tree-morphing/) — Gözde Gül Şahin, Mark Steedman · 2018 · 166 citations
- [AmericasNLI: Evaluating Zero-shot Natural Language Understanding of Pretrained Multilingual Models in Truly Low-resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ebrahimi-2022-americasnli-evaluating-zero-shot-natural/) — Abteen Ebrahimi, Manuel Mager, Arturo Oncevay, et al. · 2022 · 163 citations
- [LORELEI Language Packs: Data, Tools, and Resources for Technology Development in Low Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/strassel-2016-lorelei-language-packs-data-tools/) — Stephanie Strassel, Jennifer Tracey · 2016 · 161 citations
- [ChatGPT MT: Competitive for High- (but Not Low-) Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/robinson-2023-chatgpt-mt-competitive-high-but/) — Nathaniel Robinson, Perez Ogayo, David R. Mortensen, et al. · 2023 · 151 citations
- [Trivial Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kocmi-2018-trivial-transfer-learning-low-resource/) — Tom Kocmi, Ondřej Bojar · 2018 · 139 citations
- [Findings of the WMT 2019 Shared Task on Parallel Corpus Filtering for Low-Resource Conditions](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/koehn-2019-findings-wmt-2019-shared-task/) — Philipp Koehn, Francisco Guzmán, Vishrav Chaudhary, et al. · 2019 · 131 citations
- [Bitext Mining Using Distilled Sentence Representations for Low-Resource Languages](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/heffernan-2022-bitext-mining-distilled-sentence-representations/) — Kevin Heffernan, Onur Çelebi, Holger Schwenk · 2022 · 127 citations

**1** [2](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/page/2/) … [6](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/page/6/) [next →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/low-resource-languages/page/2/)

- [← previous topic Lexical semantics & word embeddings](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/lexical-semantics/)
- [next topic → Machine translation](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/machine-translation/)
- [↑ back to topics](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/)