---
title: "University of Edinburgh — works"
description: "202 works by researchers of University of Edinburgh in our library · page 1 of 3, the most cited first."
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# Works of University of Edinburgh

202 works · page 1 of 3 · the most cited first · [← University of Edinburgh](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-edinburgh/)

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1. [**The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language**Rodney Huddleston, Geoffrey K. Pullum*2002 · 4,249 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/huddleston-2002-cambridge-grammar-english-language/)
2. [**Assessing Agreement on Classification Tasks: The Kappa Statistic**Jean Carletta*1996 · 2,462 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/carletta-1996-assessing-agreement-classification-tasks-kappa/)
3. [**Analyzing Multi-Head Self-Attention: Specialized Heads Do the Heavy Lifting, the Rest Can Be Pruned**Elena Voita, David Talbot, Fedor Moiseev, et al.*2019 · 1,511 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/voita-2019-analyzing-multi-head-self-attention/)
4. [**Dialogue Act Modeling for Automatic Tagging and Recognition of Conversational Speech**Andreas Stolcke, Klaus Ries, Noah Coccaro, et al.*2000 · 1,447 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/stolcke-2000-dialogue-act-modeling-automatic-tagging/)
5. [**Long Short-Term Memory-Networks for Machine Reading**Jianpeng Cheng, Li Dong, Mirella Lapata*2016 · 1,300 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/cheng-2016-long-short-term-memory-networks/)
6. [**Encoding Sentences with Graph Convolutional Networks for Semantic Role Labeling**Diego Marcheggiani, Ivan Titov*2017 · 1,101 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/marcheggiani-2017-encoding-sentences-graph-convolutional-networks/)
7. [**Neural Summarization by Extracting Sentences and Words**Jianpeng Cheng, Mirella Lapata*2016 · 1,000 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/cheng-2016-neural-summarization-extracting-sentences-words/)
8. [**Findings of the 2016 Conference on Machine Translation**Ondřej Bojar, Rajen Chatterjee, Christian Federmann, et al.*2016 · 936 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojar-2016-findings-2016-conference-machine-translation/)
9. [**Findings of the 2014 Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation**Ondřej Bojar, Christian Buck, Christian Federmann, et al.*2014 · 923 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojar-2014-findings-2014-workshop-statistical-machine/)
10. [**Clause Restructuring for Statistical Machine Translation**Michael Collins, Philipp Koehn, Ivona Kučerová*2005 · 918 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/collins-2005-clause-restructuring-statistical-machine-translation/)
11. [**Modeling Local Coherence: An Entity-Based Approach**Regina Barzilay, Mirella Lapata*2008 · 912 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/barzilay-2008-modeling-local-coherence-entity-based/)
12. [**Dependency-Based Construction of Semantic Space Models**Sebastian Padó, Mirella Lapata*2007 · 906 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/pado-2007-dependency-based-construction-semantic-space/)
13. [**Findings of the 2019 Conference on Machine Translation (WMT19)**Loïc Barrault, Ondřej Bojar, Marta R. Costa-jussà, et al.*2019 · 839 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/barrault-2019-findings-2019-conference-machine-translation/)
14. [**Recognizing Contextual Polarity: An Exploration of Features for Phrase-Level Sentiment Analysis**Theresa Wilson, Janyce Wiebe, Paul Hoffmann*2009 · 824 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wilson-2009-recognizing-contextual-polarity-exploration-features/)
15. [**Paraphrasing with Bilingual Parallel Corpora**Colin Bannard, Chris Callison-Burch*2005 · 821 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bannard-2005-paraphrasing-bilingual-parallel-corpora/)
16. [**TuckER: Tensor Factorization for Knowledge Graph Completion**Ivana Balažević, Carl Allen, Timothy M. Hospedales*2019 · 792 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/balazevic-2019-tucker-tensor-factorization-knowledge-graph/)
17. [**Summarizing Scientific Articles: Experiments with Relevance and Rhetorical Status**Simone Teufel, Marc Moens*2002 · 775 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/teufel-2002-summarizing-scientific-articles-experiments-relevance/)
18. [**Findings of the 2018 Conference on Machine Translation (WMT18)**Ondřej Bojar, Christian Federmann, Mark Fishel, et al.*2018 · 747 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojar-2018-findings-2018-conference-machine-translation/)
19. [**Findings of the 2017 Conference on Machine Translation (WMT17)**Ondřej Bojar, Rajen Chatterjee, Christian Federmann, et al.*2017 · 685 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojar-2017-findings-2017-conference-machine-translation/)
20. [**Learning multiple visual domains with residual adapters**Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi, Hakan Bilen, Andrea Vedaldi*2017 · 670 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/rebuffi-2017-learning-multiple-visual-domains-residual/)
21. [**CCGbank: A Corpus of CCG Derivations and Dependency Structures Extracted from the Penn Treebank**Julia Hockenmaier, Mark Steedman*2007 · 611 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/hockenmaier-2007-ccgbank-corpus-ccg-derivations-dependency/)
22. [**The WebNLG Challenge: Generating Text from RDF Data**Claire Gardent, Anastasia Shimorina, Shashi Narayan, et al.*2017 · 579 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gardent-2017-webnlg-challenge-generating-text-rdf/)
23. [**Sentence Simplification with Deep Reinforcement Learning**Xingxing Zhang, Mirella Lapata*2017 · 567 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2017-sentence-simplification-deep-reinforcement-learning/)
24. [**Edinburgh System Description for the 2005 IWSLT Speech Translation Evaluation**Philipp Koehn, Amittai Axelrod, Alexandra Birch Mayne, et al.*2005 · 545 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/koehn-2005-edinburgh-system-description-2005-iwslt/)
25. [**Creating Training Corpora for NLG Micro-Planners**Claire Gardent, Anastasia Shimorina, Shashi Narayan, et al.*2017 · 526 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gardent-2017-creating-training-corpora-nlg-micro/)
26. [**Using Semantic Roles to Improve Question Answering**Dan Shen, Mirella Lapata*2007 · 522 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shen-2007-semantic-roles-improve-question-answering/)
27. [**Evaluating Models' Local Decision Boundaries via Contrast Sets**Matt Gardner, Yoav Artzi, Victoria Basmov, et al.*2020 · 520 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gardner-2020-evaluating-models-local-decision-boundaries/)
28. [**Marian: Fast Neural Machine Translation in C++**Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt, Roman Grundkiewicz, Tomasz Dwojak, et al.*2018 · 506 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/junczys-dowmunt-2018-marian-fast-neural-machine-translation/)
29. [**Named Entity Recognition without Gazetteers**Andrei Mikheev, Marc Moens, Claire Grover*1999 · 502 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mikheev-1999-named-entity-recognition-without-gazetteers/)
30. [**Experiments in Domain Adaptation for Statistical Machine Translation**Philipp Koehn, Josh Schroeder*2007 · 481 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/koehn-2007-experiments-domain-adaptation-statistical-machine/)
31. [**The Reliability of a Dialogue Structure Coding Scheme**Jean Carletta, Amy Isard, Stephen Isard, et al.*1997 · 480 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/carletta-1997-reliability-dialogue-structure-coding-scheme/)
32. [**Improving Massively Multilingual Neural Machine Translation and Zero-Shot Translation**Biao Zhang, Philip Williams, Ivan Titov, et al.*2020 · 472 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2020-improving-massively-multilingual-neural-machine/)
33. [**Hierarchical Transformers for Multi-Document Summarization**Yang Liu, Mirella Lapata*2019 · 462 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/liu-2019-hierarchical-transformers-multi-document-summarization/)
34. [**Findings of the 2015 Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation**Ondřej Bojar, Rajen Chatterjee, Christian Federmann, et al.*2015 · 461 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojar-2015-findings-2015-workshop-statistical-machine/)
35. [**Context-Aware Neural Machine Translation Learns Anaphora Resolution**Elena Voita, Pavel Serdyukov, Rico Sennrich, et al.*2018 · 446 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/voita-2018-context-aware-neural-machine-translation/)
36. [**Has Machine Translation Achieved Human Parity? A Case for Document-level Evaluation**Samuel Läubli, Rico Sennrich, Martin Volk*2018 · 443 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/laubli-2018-has-machine-translation-achieved-human/)
37. [**Findings of the 2013 Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation**Ondřej Bojar, Christian Buck, Chris Callison-Burch, et al.*2013 · 441 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bojar-2013-findings-2013-workshop-statistical-machine/)
38. [**Manual and Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation between European Languages**Philipp Koehn, Christof Monz*2006 · 433 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/koehn-2006-manual-automatic-evaluation-machine-translation/)
39. [**C-Eval: A Multi-Level Multi-Discipline Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Models**Yuzhen Huang, Yuzhuo Bai, Zhihao Zhu, et al.*2023 · 427 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/huang-2023-c-eval-multi-level-multi/)
40. [**The Penn Discourse Treebank**Eleni Miltsakaki, Rashmi Prasad, Aravind Joshi, et al.*2004 · 415 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/miltsakaki-2004-penn-discourse-treebank/)
41. [**Abusive Language Detection on Arabic Social Media**Hamdy Mubarak, Kareem Darwish, Walid Magdy*2017 · 411 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mubarak-2017-abusive-language-detection-arabic-social/)
42. [**A Corpus-based Investigation of Definite Description Use**Massimo Poesio, Renata Vieira*1998 · 407 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/poesio-1998-corpus-based-investigation-definite-description/)
43. [**UnifiedSKG: Unifying and Multi-Tasking Structured Knowledge Grounding with Text-to-Text Language Models**Tianbao Xie, Chen Henry Wu, Peng Shi, et al.*2022 · 405 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xie-2022-unifiedskg-unifying-multi-tasking-structured/)
44. [**Findings of the 2020 Conference on Machine Translation (WMT20)**Loïc Barrault, Magdalena Biesialska, Ondřej Bojar, et al.*2020 · 401 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/barrault-2020-findings-2020-conference-machine-translation/)
45. [**BPE-Dropout: Simple and Effective Subword Regularization**Ivan Provilkov, Dmitrii Emelianenko, Elena Voita*2020 · 389 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/provilkov-2020-bpe-dropout-simple-effective-subword/)
46. [**Parsing the WSJ Using CCG and Log-Linear Models**Stephen Clark, James R. Curran*2004 · 388 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/clark-2004-parsing-wsj-ccg-log-linear/)
47. [**Chinese Poetry Generation with Recurrent Neural Networks**Xingxing Zhang, Mirella Lapata*2014 · 376 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2014-chinese-poetry-generation-recurrent-neural/)
48. [**cdec: A Decoder, Alignment, and Learning Framework for Finite-State and Context-Free Translation Models**Chris Dyer, Adam Lopez, Juri Ganitkevitch, et al.*2010 · 372 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dyer-2010-cdec-decoder-alignment-learning-framework/)
49. [**Random Walks for Knowledge-Based Word Sense Disambiguation**Eneko Agirre, Oier López de Lacalle, Aitor Soroa*2014 · 359 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/agirre-2014-random-walks-knowledge-based-word/)
50. [**Question Answering on Freebase via Relation Extraction and Textual Evidence**Kun Xu, Siva Reddy, Yansong Feng, et al.*2016 · 357 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xu-2016-question-answering-freebase-relation-extraction/)
51. [**Complexity-Based Prompting for Multi-Step Reasoning**Yao Fu, Hao Peng, Ashish Sabharwal, et al.*2022 · 343 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fu-2022-complexity-based-prompting-multi-step/)
52. [**Information-Theoretic Probing with Minimum Description Length**Elena Voita, Ivan Titov*2020 · 339 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/voita-2020-information-theoretic-probing-minimum-description/)
53. [**Learning to Simplify Sentences with Quasi-Synchronous Grammar and Integer Programming**Kristian Woodsend, Mirella Lapata*2011 · 334 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/woodsend-2011-learning-simplify-sentences-quasi-synchronous/)
54. [**When a Good Translation is Wrong in Context: Context-Aware Machine Translation Improves on Deixis, Ellipsis, and Lexical Cohesion**Elena Voita, Rico Sennrich, Ivan Titov*2019 · 321 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/voita-2019-when-good-translation-is-wrong/)
55. [**A Comparison of Vector-based Representations for Semantic Composition**William Blacoe, Mirella Lapata*2012 · 320 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/blacoe-2012-comparison-vector-based-representations-semantic/)
56. [**An Empirical Model of Multiword Expression Decomposability**Timothy Baldwin, Colin Bannard, Takaaki Tanaka, et al.*2003 · 319 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/baldwin-2003-empirical-model-multiword-expression-decomposability/)
57. [**Paraphrasing Revisited with Neural Machine Translation**Jonathan Mallinson, Rico Sennrich, Mirella Lapata*2017 · 319 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mallinson-2017-paraphrasing-revisited-neural-machine-translation/)
58. [**A massively parallel corpus: the Bible in 100 languages**Christos Christodouloupoulos, Mark J. Steedman*2014 · 317 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/christodouloupoulos-2014-massively-parallel-corpus-bible-100/)
59. [**Anaphora and Discourse Structure**Bonnie Webber, Matthew Stone, Aravind Joshi, et al.*2003 · 315 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/webber-2003-anaphora-discourse-structure/)
60. [**ParaCrawl: Web-Scale Acquisition of Parallel Corpora**Marta Bañón, Pinzhen Chen, Barry Haddow, et al.*2020 · 308 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/banon-2020-paracrawl-web-scale-acquisition-parallel/)
61. [**Recognising Textual Entailment with Logical Inference**Johan Bos, Katja Markert*2005 · 306 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bos-2005-recognising-textual-entailment-logical-inference/)
62. [**Copied Monolingual Data Improves Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation**Anna Currey, Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone, Kenneth Heafield*2017 · 296 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/currey-2017-copied-monolingual-data-improves-low/)
63. [**Prompting Large Language Model for Machine Translation: A Case Study**Biao Zhang, Barry Haddow, Alexandra Birch*2023 · 293 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/zhang-2023-prompting-large-language-model-machine/)
64. [**MAmmoTH: Building Math Generalist Models through Hybrid Instruction Tuning**Xiang Yue, Xingwei Qu, Ge Zhang, et al.*2023 · 288 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/yue-2023-mammoth-building-math-generalist-models/)
65. [**Learning to Paraphrase for Question Answering**Li Dong, Jonathan Mallinson, Siva Reddy, et al.*2017 · 285 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dong-2017-learning-paraphrase-question-answering/)
66. [**Lexical Generalization in CCG Grammar Induction for Semantic Parsing**Tom Kwiatkowski, Luke Zettlemoyer, Sharon Goldwater, et al.*2011 · 283 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kwiatkowski-2011-lexical-generalization-ccg-grammar-induction/)
67. [**Ranking Sentences for Extractive Summarization with Reinforcement Learning**Shashi Narayan, Shay B. Cohen, Mirella Lapata*2018 · 279 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/narayan-2018-ranking-sentences-extractive-summarization-reinforcement/)
68. [**Summarizing Opinions: Aspect Extraction Meets Sentiment Prediction and They Are Both Weakly Supervised**Stefanos Angelidis, Mirella Lapata*2018 · 265 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/angelidis-2018-summarizing-opinions-aspect-extraction-meets/)
69. [**Evaluating Discourse Phenomena in Neural Machine Translation**Rachel Bawden, Rico Sennrich, Alexandra Birch, et al.*2017 · 252 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bawden-2017-evaluating-discourse-phenomena-neural-machine/)
70. [**Survey of Low-Resource Machine Translation**Barry Haddow, Rachel Bawden, Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone, et al.*2022 · 251 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/haddow-2022-survey-low-resource-machine-translation/)
71. [**Neural Semantic Role Labeling with Dependency Path Embeddings**Michael Roth, Mirella Lapata*2016 · 251 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/roth-2016-neural-semantic-role-labeling-dependency/)
72. [**The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget**Ilia Shumailov, Zakhar Shumaylov, Yiren Zhao, et al.*2023 · 250 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/shumailov-2023-curse-recursion-training-generated-data/)
73. [**Hallucinations in Large Multilingual Translation Models**Nuno M. Guerreiro, Duarte M. Alves, Jonas Waldendorf, et al.*2023 · 244 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/guerreiro-2023-hallucinations-large-multilingual-translation-models/)
74. [**SemEval-2013 Task 7: The Joint Student Response Analysis and 8th Recognizing Textual Entailment Challenge**Myroslava Dzikovska, Rodney Nielsen, Chris Brew, et al.*2013 · 235 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/dzikovska-2013-semeval-2013-task-7-joint/)
75. [**Humanity's Last Exam**Long Phan, Alice Gatti, Ziwen Han, et al.*2025 · 235 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/phan-2025-humanity-s-last-exam/)
76. [**Bayesian Word Sense Induction**Samuel Brody, Mirella Lapata*2009 · 234 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/brody-2009-bayesian-word-sense-induction/)
77. [**Findings of the Third Shared Task on Multimodal Machine Translation**Loïc Barrault, Fethi Bougares, Lucia Specia, et al.*2018 · 227 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/barrault-2018-findings-third-shared-task-multimodal/)
78. [**The University of Edinburgh's Neural MT Systems for WMT17**Rico Sennrich, Alexandra Birch, Anna Currey, et al.*2017 · 227 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2017-university-edinburgh-s-neural-mt/)
79. [**Specializing Smaller Language Models towards Multi-Step Reasoning**Yao Fu, Hao Peng, Litu Ou, et al.*2023 · 222 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/fu-2023-specializing-smaller-language-models-towards/)
80. [**The Bottom-up Evolution of Representations in the Transformer: A Study with Machine Translation and Language Modeling Objectives**Elena Voita, Rico Sennrich, Ivan Titov*2019 · 222 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/voita-2019-bottom-up-evolution-representations-transformer/)
81. [**N-gram Counts and Language Models from the Common Crawl**Christian Buck, Kenneth Heafield, Bas van Ooyen*2014 · 213 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/buck-2014-n-gram-counts-language-models/)
82. [**Sources of Hallucination by Large Language Models on Inference Tasks**Nick McKenna, Tianyi Li, Liang Cheng, et al.*2023 · 208 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mckenna-2023-sources-hallucination-large-language-models/)
83. [**The Importance of Supertagging for Wide-Coverage CCG Parsing**Stephen Clark, James R. Curran*2004 · 205 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/clark-2004-importance-supertagging-wide-coverage-ccg/)
84. [**On Exposure Bias, Hallucination and Domain Shift in Neural Machine Translation**Chaojun Wang, Rico Sennrich*2020 · 204 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/wang-2020-exposure-bias-hallucination-domain-shift/)
85. [**Nematus: a Toolkit for Neural Machine Translation**Rico Sennrich, Orhan Firat, Kyunghyun Cho, et al.*2017 · 202 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sennrich-2017-nematus-toolkit-neural-machine-translation/)
86. [**Graph Convolutional Encoders for Syntax-aware Neural Machine Translation**Jasmijn Bastings, Ivan Titov, Wilker Aziz, et al.*2017 · 190 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bastings-2017-graph-convolutional-encoders-syntax-aware/)
87. [**CoNLL 2016 Shared Task on Multilingual Shallow Discourse Parsing**Nianwen Xue, Hwee Tou Ng, Sameer Pradhan, et al.*2016 · 187 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/xue-2016-conll-2016-shared-task-multilingual/)
88. [**Improving Word Sense Disambiguation in Neural Machine Translation with Sense Embeddings**Annette Rios Gonzales, Laura Mascarell, Rico Sennrich*2017 · 185 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/gonzales-2017-improving-word-sense-disambiguation-neural/)
89. [**Findings of the WMT 2018 Shared Task on Parallel Corpus Filtering**Philipp Koehn, Huda Khayrallah, Kenneth Heafield, et al.*2018 · 181 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/koehn-2018-findings-wmt-2018-shared-task/)
90. [**An Algebra for Semantic Construction in Constraint-based Grammars**Ann Copestake, Alex Lascarides, Dan Flickinger*2001 · 180 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/copestake-2001-algebra-semantic-construction-constraint-based/)
91. [**Semantics-Based Machine Translation with Hyperedge Replacement Grammars**Bevan Jones, Jacob Andreas, Daniel Bauer, et al.*2012 · 180 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/jones-2012-semantics-based-machine-translation-hyperedge/)
92. [**Findings of the WMT24 General Machine Translation Shared Task: The LLM Era Is Here but MT Is Not Solved Yet**Tom Kocmi, Eleftherios Avramidis, Rachel Bawden, et al.*2024 · 177 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kocmi-2024-findings-wmt24-general-machine-translation/)
93. [**Discourse Relations and Defeasible Knowledge**Alex Lascarides, Nicholas Asher*1991 · 177 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/lascarides-1991-discourse-relations-defeasible-knowledge/)
94. [**A* CCG Parsing with a Supertag-factored Model**Mike Lewis, Mark Steedman*2014 · 175 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/lewis-2014-ccg-parsing-supertag-factored-model/)
95. [**Graph Connectivity Measures for Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation**Roberto Navigli, Mirella Lapata*2007 · 168 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/navigli-2007-graph-connectivity-measures-unsupervised-word/)
96. [**Data Augmentation via Dependency Tree Morphing for Low-Resource Languages**Gözde Gül Şahin, Mark Steedman*2018 · 166 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/sahin-2018-data-augmentation-dependency-tree-morphing/)
97. [**Aiding Pronoun Translation with Co-Reference Resolution**Ronan Le Nagard, Philipp Koehn*2010 · 165 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nagard-2010-aiding-pronoun-translation-co-reference/)
98. [**Dirt Cheap Web-Scale Parallel Text from the Common Crawl**Jason R. Smith, Herve Saint-Amand, Magdalena Plamada, et al.*2013 · 165 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/smith-2013-dirt-cheap-web-scale-parallel/)
99. [**Reflections on the Penn Discourse TreeBank, Comparable Corpora, and Complementary Annotation**Rashmi Prasad, Bonnie Webber, Aravind Joshi*2014 · 156 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/prasad-2014-reflections-penn-discourse-treebank-comparable/)
100. [**The MGB-2 Challenge: Arabic Multi-Dialect Broadcast Media Recognition**Ahmed Ali, Peter Bell, James Glass, et al.*2016 · 154 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ali-2016-mgb-2-challenge-arabic-multi/)

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