---
title: "COLING 1994 — accepted papers — Elamur Research"
description: "COLING 1994 — accepted papers: 11 papers in the Elamur Research library (Kyoto, Japan), with our summaries, ranked by citations."
canonical: "https://research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/1994/"
---
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# COLING 1994 — accepted papers

COLING 1994 is the 1994 edition of the International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING), held in Kyoto, Japan, August 1994 (publisher: International Committee on Computational Linguistics (ICCL)). The ACL Anthology lists 212 papers of it; our library holds 11 with our summaries. Below: the most cited papers, every accepted paper, and ours with their topics, authors and institutions.

📍 Kyoto, [Japan](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/countries/japan/) · 🗓 August 1994

[**212** papers in the proceedings](#all) · [**11** works in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/1994/#works) · [**603** citations of these works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/1994/#works)

## All accepted papers (212)

The most cited first; 11 with our summary link to their page here, the others to the original.

1. **[A Bayesian Approach for User Modeling in Dialogue Systems ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2197/)**Tomoyosi Akiba, Hozumi Tanaka
2. **[A Best-Match Algorithm for Broad-Coverage Example-Based Disambiguation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2114/)**Naohiko Uramoto
3. **[A Bidirectional, Transfer-Driven Machine Translation System for Spoken Dialogues ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1007/)**Yasuhiro Sobashima, Osamu Furuse, Susumu Akamine et al.
4. **[A Classification Method for Japanese Signs Using Manual Motion Descriptions ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2155/)**Hisahiro Adachi, Kazuo Kamata
5. **[A Corpus-Based Learning Technique for Building A Self-Extensible Parser ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1073/)**Rey-Long Liu, Von-Wun Soo
6. **[A Discrete Model of Degree Concept in Natural Language ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2124/)**Shin-ichiro Kamei, Kazunori Muraki
7. **[A Dutch to SQL database interface using Generalized Quantifier Theory ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2166/)**Dirk Speelman, Geert Adriaens
8. **[A Formal Representation of the Thematic-Rhematic Structure of Sentences Based on a Typed \ensuremathłambda-Calculus ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2179/)**Yoichi Uetake
9. **[A Grammar Based Approach to a Grammar Checking of Free Word Order Languages ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2146/)**Vladislav Kubon, Martin Platek
10. **[A Grammar and a Parser for Spontaneous Speech ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2164/)**Mikio Nakano, Akira Shimazu, Kiyoshi Kogure
11. **[A Grammatico-Statistical Approach to Discourse Partitioning ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2187/)**Tadashi Nomoto, Yoshihiko Nitta
12. **[A Hybrid Approach to the Automatic Planning of Textual Structures ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1054/)**Gang Zhu, Nigel Shadbolt
13. **[A Knowledge Acquisition and Management System for Morphological Dictionaries ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2211/)**Pius ten Hacken, Stephan Bopp, Marc Domenig et al.
14. **[A Lexicon of Distributed Noun Representations Constructed by Taxonomic Traversal ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2132/)**Richard F.E. Sutcliffe, Donie O'Sullivan, Fergus Meharg
15. **[A Matching Technique in Example-Based Machine Translation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1014/)**Lambros Cranias, Harris Papageorgiou, Stelios Piperdis
16. **[A Method for Distinguishing Exceptional and General Examples in Example-based Transfer Systems ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1003/)**Hideo Watanabe
17. **[A Methodology for Automatic Term Recognition ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2167/)**Sophia Ananiadou
18. **[A Modular Architecture for Constraint-Based Parsing ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1075/)**Francois Barthelemy, Francois Rouaix
19. **[A New Method of N-gram Statistics for Large Number of n and Automatic Extraction of Words and Phrases from Large Text Data of Japanese ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1101/)**Makoto Nagao, Shinsuke Mori
20. **[A Parser Coping With Self-Repaired Japanese Utterances and Large Corpus-Based Evaluation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1098/)**Yuji Sagawa, Noboru Ohnishi, Noboru Sugie
21. **[A Part-of-Speech-Based Alignment Algorithm ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1026/)**Kuang-hua Chen, Hsin-Hsi Chen
22. **[A Reestimation Algorithm for Probabilistic ttecursive Transition Network ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2138/)**Young S. Han, Key-Sun Choi
23. **[A Rule-Based Approach to Prepositional Phrase Attachment Disambiguation ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2195/)**Eric Brill, Philip Resnik
24. **[A Simple Transformation for Offline-Parsable Grammars and its Termination Properties ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-2199/)**Marc Dymetman
25. **[A Stochastic Japanese Morphological Analyzer Using a Forward-DP Backward-A* N-Best Search Algorithm ↗](https://aclanthology.org/C94-1032/)**Masaaki Nagata

[See all 212 papers in COLING 1994 — accepted papers →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/1994/papers/)

## Papers with our summary in our library (11)

The most cited first (OpenAlex citations plus our library's).

1. **[Abstract Generation Based on Rhetorical Structure Extraction](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/ono-1994-abstract-generation-based-rhetorical-structure/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Kenji Ono, Kazuo Sumita, Seiji Miike*1994 · 159 citations*
2. **[Construction of a Bilingual Dictionary Intermediated by a Third Language](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/tanaka-1994-bilingual-dictionary-third-language/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Kumiko Tanaka, Kyoji Umemura*1994 · 137 citations*
3. **[Comlex Syntax: Building a Computational Lexicon](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/grishman-1994-comlex-syntax-building-computational-lexicon/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Ralph Grishman, Catherine Macleod, Adam Meyers*1994 · 118 citations*
4. [**Multi-Tape Two-Level Morphology: A Case Study in Semitic Non-Linear Morphology**George Anton Kiraz*1994 · 62 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/kiraz-1994-multi-tape-two-level-morphology/)
5. **[An Integrated Model for Anaphora Resolution](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mitkov-1994-integrated-model-anaphora-resolution/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Ruslan Mitkov*1994 · 42 citations*
6. **[Robust Method of Pronoun Resolution Using Full-Text Information](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/nasukawa-1994-robust-method-pronoun-resolution-full/) [International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/)**Tetsuya Nasukawa*1994 · 42 citations*
7. [**The Merged Upper Model: A Linguistic Ontology for German and English**Renate Henschel, John Bateman*1994 · 16 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/henschel-1994-merged-upper-model-linguistic-ontology/)
8. [**The Correct Place of Lexical Semantics in Interlingual MT**Lori Levin, Sergei Nirenburg*1994 · 14 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/levin-1994-correct-place-lexical-semantics-interlingual/)
9. [**Evaluation Metrics for Knowledge-Based Machine Translation**Teruko Mitamura, Jaime G. Carbonell*1994 · 5 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/mitamura-1994-evaluation-metrics-knowledge-based-machine/)
10. [**Presupposition & VP-Ellipsis**Johan Bos*1994 · 4 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/bos-1994-presupposition-vp-ellipsis/)
11. [**English Generation From Interlingua by Example-Based Method**Eiji Komatsu, Jin Cui, Hiroshi Yasuhara*1994 · 4 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/komatsu-1994-english-generation-interlingua-example-based/)

## Top topics

Topics of its works in our library, with the number of works on each.

[Machine translation (3)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/machine-translation/) · [English (3)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/english/) · [Coreference resolution (2)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/coreference-resolution/) · [Discourse analysis (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/discourse-analysis/) · [Implicature (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/implicature/) · [Lexical semantics & word embeddings (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/lexical-semantics/) · [Morphology (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/morphology/) · [Evaluation & benchmarks (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/evaluation-benchmarks/) · [Knowledge graphs & ontologies (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/knowledge-graphs/) · [Hebrew & Aramaic (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/hebrew-aramaic/) · [Semitic languages (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/semitic-languages/) · [Syntax & grammar formalisms (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/syntax-grammar/) · [Biblical Hebrew (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/topics/biblical-hebrew/)

## Fields

[Arts and Humanities (10)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/arts-and-humanities/) · [Computer Science (10)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/)

## Top authors

Authors with a page who published here most often: their works here, and the citations of those works.

[🧑‍🔬**Adam Meyers**1 work here · 118 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/adam-meyers/) · [🧑‍🔬**Catherine Macleod**1 work here · 118 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/catherine-macleod/) · [🧑‍🔬**Ralph Grishman**1 work here · 118 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ralph-grishman/) · [🧑‍🔬**George Anton Kiraz**1 work here · 62 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/george-anton-kiraz/) · [🧑‍🔬**Ruslan Mitkov**1 work here · 42 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/ruslan-mitkov/) · [🧑‍🔬**John Bateman**1 work here · 16 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/john-bateman/) · [🧑‍🔬**Lori Levin**1 work here · 14 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/lori-levin/) · [🧑‍🔬**Sergei Nirenburg**1 work here · 14 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/sergei-nirenburg/) · [🧑‍🔬**Jaime G. Carbonell**1 work here · 5 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/jaime-g-carbonell/) · [🧑‍🔬**Teruko Mitamura**1 work here · 5 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/teruko-mitamura/) · [🧑‍🔬**Johan Bos**1 work here · 4 citations](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/authors/johan-bos/)

## Top institutions

Institutions on the bylines of its works here, by the number of works.

[🏢**Toshiba** Tokyo · Japan 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/toshiba/) · [🏢**NTT** Tokyo · Japan 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/companies/ntt/) · [🎓**University of Cambridge** Cambridge · United Kingdom 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-cambridge/) · [🎓**New York University** New York · United States 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/new-york-university/) · [🎓**The University of Tokyo** Tokyo · Japan 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/the-university-of-tokyo/) · [🎓**Carnegie Mellon University** Pittsburgh · United States 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/carnegie-mellon-university/) · [🎓**Saarland University** Saarbrücken · Germany 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/saarland-university/)

Place and dates from the event's site or the ACL Anthology; works and citations from OpenAlex and our library.

- [← previous COLING 1992](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/coling/1992/)
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