---
title: "Machine Learning 1991 — papers — Elamur Research"
description: "Machine Learning 1991 — papers: 1 paper in the Elamur Research library, with our summaries, ranked by citations."
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# Machine Learning 1991 — papers

The works of Machine Learning published in 1991 that our library holds (publisher: Springer Science+Business Media): 1 work, listed below with the most cited first; each has a page with our summary, its key points and its references.

[**53** works that year](#all) · [**1** work in our library](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/machine-learning/1991/#works) · [**5,250** citations of these works](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/machine-learning/1991/#works)

## Most cited papers

By their OpenAlex citations; a paper with our summary links to its page here, the others to the original.

1. **[Instance-Based Learning Algorithms](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/aha-1991-instance-based-learning-algorithms/)**David W. Aha, Dennis F. Kibler, Marc K. Albert*5,175 citations · our summary*
2. **[Distributed representations, simple recurrent networks, and grammatical structure ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114844)**Jeffrey L. Elman*1,354 citations*
3. **[A Distance-Based Attribute Selection Measure for Decision Tree Induction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022694001379)**Ramón López de Mántaras*417 citations*
4. **[Letter Recognition Using Holland-Style Adaptive Classifiers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114162)**Peter W. Frey, David J. Slate*409 citations*
5. **[A Nearest Hyperrectangle Learning Method ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114779)**Steven L. Salzberg*384 citations*
6. **[Symbolic and Neural Learning Algorithms: An Experimental Comparison ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114160)**JUDE W. SHAVLIK, Raymond J. Mooney, Geoffrey G. Towell*327 citations*
7. **[Learning to Perceive and Act by Trial and Error ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00058926)**Steven D. Whitehead, Dana H. Ballard*300 citations*
8. **[The induction of dynamical recognizers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114845)**Jordan B. Pollack*294 citations*
9. **[Information-Based Evaluation Criterion for Classifier's Performance ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00153760)**Igor Kononenko, Ivan Bratko A*204 citations*
10. **[Graded state machines: The representation of temporal contingencies in simple recurrent networks ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114843)**David Servan‐Schreiber, Axel Cleeremans, James L. McClelland*201 citations*

## All works of the year (53)

The most cited first; 1 with our summary link to their page here, the others to the original.

1. **[Instance-Based Learning Algorithms](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/aha-1991-instance-based-learning-algorithms/)**David W. Aha, Dennis F. Kibler, Marc K. Albert*5,175 citations · our summary*
2. **[Distributed representations, simple recurrent networks, and grammatical structure ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114844)**Jeffrey L. Elman*1,354 citations*
3. **[A Distance-Based Attribute Selection Measure for Decision Tree Induction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022694001379)**Ramón López de Mántaras*417 citations*
4. **[Letter Recognition Using Holland-Style Adaptive Classifiers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114162)**Peter W. Frey, David J. Slate*409 citations*
5. **[A Nearest Hyperrectangle Learning Method ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114779)**Steven L. Salzberg*384 citations*
6. **[Symbolic and Neural Learning Algorithms: An Experimental Comparison ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114160)**JUDE W. SHAVLIK, Raymond J. Mooney, Geoffrey G. Towell*327 citations*
7. **[Learning to Perceive and Act by Trial and Error ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00058926)**Steven D. Whitehead, Dana H. Ballard*300 citations*
8. **[The induction of dynamical recognizers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114845)**Jordan B. Pollack*294 citations*
9. **[Information-Based Evaluation Criterion for Classifier's Performance ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00153760)**Igor Kononenko, Ivan Bratko A*204 citations*
10. **[Graded state machines: The representation of temporal contingencies in simple recurrent networks ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114843)**David Servan‐Schreiber, Axel Cleeremans, James L. McClelland*201 citations*
11. **[The Use of Background Knowledge in Decision Tree Induction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022609710832)**Marlon Núñez*196 citations*
12. **[The use of background knowledge in decision tree induction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114778)**Marlon N��ez*113 citations*
13. **[A distance-based attribute selection measure for decision tree induction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00153761)**Ramon L�pez De M�ntaras*89 citations*
14. **[Improved Estimates for the Accuracy of Small Disjuncts ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00153762)**J. R. Quinlan*88 citations*
15. **[Complexity Results on Learning by Neural Nets ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114777)**Jyh-Han Lin, Jeffrey Scott Vitter*85 citations*
16. **[Distributed Representations, Simple Recurrent Networks, And Grammatical Structure ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022699029236)**Jeffrey L. Elman*83 citations*
17. **[Conflict Resolution as Discovery in Particle Physics ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114780)**Șakir Kocabaș*81 citations*
18. **[Learning automata from ordered examples ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114841)**Sara Porat, Jerome A. Feldman*56 citations*
19. **[A Critical Look at Experimental Evaluations of EBL ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114163)**Alberto M. Segre, Charles Elkan, Alexander C. Russell*32 citations*
20. **[An Incremental Deductive Strategy for Controlling Constructive Induction in Learning from Examples ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00058925)**Renée Elio, Larry Watanabe*26 citations*
21. **[Rigel: An Inductive Learning System ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00153758)**Roberto Gemello, Franco Mana, Lorenza Saitta*19 citations*
22. **[The Induction of Dynamical Recognizers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022651113306)**Jordan B. Pollack*19 citations*
23. **[SLUG: A connectionist architecture for inferring the structure of finite-state environments ↗](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00114842)**Michael C. Mozer, Jonathan R. Bachrach*15 citations*
24. **[Graded State Machines: The Representation of Temporal Contingencies in Simple Recurrent Networks ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022647012398)**David Servan‐Schreiber, Axel Cleeremans, James L. McClelland*12 citations*
25. **[Introduction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022668727419)**David S. Touretzky*10 citations*

[See all 53 papers in Machine Learning 1991 — papers →](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/machine-learning/1991/papers/)

## Works with our summary in our library (1)

The most cited first (OpenAlex citations plus our library's).

1. [**Instance-Based Learning Algorithms**David W. Aha, Dennis Kibler, Marc K. Albert*1991 · 5,250 citations*](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/aha-1991-instance-based-learning-algorithms/)

## Fields

[Computer Science (1)](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/shelves/computer-science/)

## Top institutions

Institutions on the bylines of its works here, by the number of works.

[🎓**University of California, Irvine** Irvine · United States 1 work here](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/universities/university-of-california-irvine/)

works and citations from OpenAlex and our library.

- [next → Machine Learning 1995](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/machine-learning/1995/)
- [↑ back to Machine Learning](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/machine-learning/)