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title: "Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI Ethics and"
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# Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI Ethics and Society 2021: all accepted papers

114 papers · page 1 of 2 · the most cited first · [← Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI Ethics and Society 2021](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/venues/proceedings-of-the-aaai-acm-conference-on-ai-ethics-and-society/2021/)

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1. **[Persistent Anti-Muslim Bias in Large Language Models](https://md.research.elamur.ai/free/en/papers/abid-2021-persistent-anti-muslim-bias-large/)**Abubakar Abid, Maheen Farooqi, James Zou*463 citations · our summary*
2. **[Uncertainty as a Form of Transparency: Measuring, Communicating, and Using Uncertainty ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462571)**Umang Bhatt, Javier Antorán, Yunfeng Zhang et al.*234 citations*
3. **[Exciting, Useful, Worrying, Futuristic: Public Perception of Artificial Intelligence in 8 Countries ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462605)**Patrick Gage Kelley, Yongwei Yang, Courtney Heldreth et al.*121 citations*
4. **[Envisioning Communities: A Participatory Approach Towards AI for Social Good ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462612)**Elizabeth Bondi, Lily Xu, Diana Acosta-Navas et al.*113 citations*
5. **[Detecting Emergent Intersectional Biases: Contextualized Word Embeddings Contain a Distribution of Human-like Biases ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462536)**Wei Guo, Aylin Caliskan*112 citations*
6. **[On the Privacy Risks of Model Explanations ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462533)**Reza Shokri, Martin Strobel, Yair Zick*111 citations*
7. **[Fairness for Unobserved Characteristics: Insights from Technological Impacts on Queer Communities ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462540)**Nenad Tomasev, Kevin R. McKee, Jackie Kay et al.*110 citations*
8. **[Algorithmic Hiring in Practice ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462531)**Lan Li, Tina B. Lassiter, JooHee Oh et al.*109 citations*
9. **[The Grey Hoodie Project: Big Tobacco, Big Tech, and the Threat on Academic Integrity ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462563)**Mohamed Abdalla, Moustafa Abdalla*99 citations*
10. **[RelEx: A Model-Agnostic Relational Model Explainer ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462562)**Yue Zhang, David DeFazio, Arti Ramesh*96 citations*
11. **[Towards Accountability in the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Public Administrations ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462631)**Michele Loi, Matthias Spielkamp*81 citations*
12. **[Towards Unifying Feature Attribution and Counterfactual Explanations: Different Means to the Same End ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462597)**Ramaravind Kommiya Mothilal, Divyat Mahajan, Chenhao Tan et al.*76 citations*
13. **[Age Bias in Emotion Detection: An Analysis of Facial Emotion Recognition Performance on Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462609)**Eugenia Kim, De'Aira G. Bryant, Deepak Srikanth et al.*75 citations*
14. **[What's Fair About Individual Fairness? ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462621)**Will Fleisher*73 citations*
15. **[Designing Disaggregated Evaluations of AI Systems: Choices, Considerations, and Tradeoffs ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462610)**Solon Barocas, Anhong Guo, Ece Semiha Kamar et al.*70 citations*
16. **[Minimax Group Fairness: Algorithms and Experiments ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462523)**Emily Diana, Wesley Gill, Michael J. Kearns et al.*70 citations*
17. **[Disparate Impact of Artificial Intelligence Bias in Ridehailing Economy's Price Discrimination Algorithms ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462561)**Akshat Pandey, Aylin Caliskan*65 citations*
18. **[Fair Bayesian Optimization ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462629)**Valerio Perrone, Michele Donini, Muhammad Bilal Zafar et al.*61 citations*
19. **[Towards Equity and Algorithmic Fairness in Student Grade Prediction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462623)**Weijie Jiang, Zachary A. Pardos*56 citations*
20. **[Does Fair Ranking Improve Minority Outcomes? Understanding the Interplay of Human and Algorithmic Biases in Online Hiring ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462602)**Tom Sühr, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju*54 citations*
21. **[Ethical Data Curation for AI: An Approach based on Feminist Epistemology and Critical Theories of Race ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462598)**Susan Leavy, Ευγενία Σιαπέρα, Barry O’Sullivan*50 citations*
22. **[Towards Unbiased and Accurate Deferral to Multiple Experts ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462516)**Vijay Keswani, Matthew Lease, Krishnaram Kenthapadi*45 citations*
23. **[Reconfiguring Diversity and Inclusion for AI Ethics ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462622)**Nicole Chi, Emma Lurie, Deirdre K. Mulligan*44 citations*
24. **[Emergent Unfairness in Algorithmic Fairness-Accuracy Trade-Off Research ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462519)**A. Feder Cooper, Ellen Abrams, NA NA*43 citations*
25. **[Modeling and Guiding the Creation of Ethical Human-AI Teams ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462573)**Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Rui Zhang et al.*40 citations*
26. **[Machine Learning Practices Outside Big Tech: How Resource Constraints Challenge Responsible Development ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462527)**Aspen Hopkins, Serena Booth*39 citations*
27. **[On the Validity of Arrest as a Proxy for Offense: Race and the Likelihood of Arrest for Violent Crimes ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462538)**Riccardo Fogliato, Alice Xiang, Zachary C. Lipton et al.*39 citations*
28. **[Participatory Algorithmic Management ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462628)**Min Kyung Lee, Ishan Nigam, Angie Zhang et al.*38 citations*
29. **[Computer Vision and Conflicting Values: Describing People with Automated Alt Text ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462620)**Margot Hanley, Solon Barocas, Karen E. C. Levy et al.*36 citations*
30. **[Understanding the Representation and Representativeness of Age in AI Data Sets ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462590)**Joon-Sung Park, Michael S. Bernstein, Robin N. Brewer et al.*36 citations*
31. **[Explainable AI and Adoption of Financial Algorithmic Advisors ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462565)**Daniel Ben David, Yehezkel S. Resheff, Talia Tron*34 citations*
32. **[Scaling Guarantees for Nearest Counterfactual Explanations ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462514)**Kiarash Mohammadi, Amir-Hossein Karimi, Gilles Barthe et al.*34 citations*
33. **[Measuring Automated Influence: Between Empirical Evidence and Ethical Values ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462532)**Daniel Susser, Vincent Grimaldi*33 citations*
34. **[A Step Toward More Inclusive People Annotations for Fairness ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462594)**Candice Schumann, Susanna Ricco, Utsav Prabhu et al.*32 citations*
35. **[Gender Bias and Under-Representation in Natural Language Processing Across Human Languages ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462530)**Yan Chen, Christopher Mahoney, Isabella Grasso et al.*32 citations*
36. **[Situated Accountability: Ethical Principles, Certification Standards, and Explanation Methods in Applied AI ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462564)**Anne Henriksen, Simon Aagaard Enni, Anja Bechmann*32 citations*
37. **[Unpacking the Expressed Consequences of AI Research in Broader Impact Statements ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462608)**Priyanka Nanayakkara, Jessica R. Hullman, Nicholas A. Diakopoulos*32 citations*
38. **[Ensuring Fairness under Prior Probability Shifts ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462596)**Arpita Biswas, Suvam Mukherjee*31 citations*
39. **[Blacklists and Redlists in the Chinese Social Credit System ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462535)**Severin Engelmann, Mo Chen, Lorenz Dang et al.*28 citations*
40. **[Can We Obtain Fairness For Free? ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462614)**Rashidul Islam, Shimei Pan, James R. Foulds*28 citations*
41. **[Causal Multi-level Fairness ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462587)**Vishwali Mhasawade, Rumi Chunara*27 citations*
42. **[Surveilling Surveillance: Estimating the Prevalence of Surveillance Cameras with Street View Data ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462525)**Hao Sheng, Keniel Yao, Sharad Goel*27 citations*
43. **[Blind Justice: Algorithmically Masking Race in Charging Decisions ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462524)**Alex Chohlas-Wood, Joe Nudell, Keniel Yao et al.*26 citations*
44. **[Fairness in the Eyes of the Data: Certifying Machine-Learning Models ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462554)**Shahar Segal, Yossi Adi, Benny Pinkas B et al.*25 citations*
45. **[The Theory, Practice, and Ethical Challenges of Designing a Diversity-Aware Platform for Social Relations ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462595)**Laura Schelenz, Ivano Bison, Matteo Busso et al.*25 citations*
46. **[The Deepfake Detection Dilemma ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462584)**Claire Leibowicz, Sean McGregor, Aviv Ovadya*24 citations*
47. **[More Similar Values, More Trust? - the Effect of Value Similarity on Trust in Human-Agent Interaction ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462576)**Siddharth Mehrotra, Catholijn M. Jonker, Myrthe Lotte Tielman*23 citations*
48. **[Governing Algorithmic Systems with Impact Assessments: Six Observations ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462580)**Elizabeth Anne Watkins, Emanuel Moss, Jacob Metcalf et al.*22 citations*
49. **[FairOD: Fairness-aware Outlier Detection ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462517)**Shubhranshu Shekhar, Neil Shah, Leman Akoglu*21 citations*
50. **[Monitoring AI Services for Misuse ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462566)**Seyyed Ahmad Javadi, Chris Norval, Richard Cloete et al.*21 citations*
51. **[Reflexive Design for Fairness and Other Human Values in Formal Models ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462518)**Benjamin Fish, Luke Stark*20 citations*
52. **[Risk Identification Questionnaire for Detecting Unintended Bias in the Machine Learning Development Lifecycle ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462572)**Michelle Seng Ah Lee, Jatinder Pal Singh*20 citations*
53. **[Artificial Intelligence and the Purpose of Social Systems ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462526)**Sebastian Benthall, Jake Goldenfein*19 citations*
54. **[AI and Shared Prosperity ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462619)**Katya Klinova, Anton Korinek*18 citations*
55. **[Automating Procedurally Fair Feature Selection in Machine Learning ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462585)**Clara Belitz, Lan Jiang, Nigel Bosch*18 citations*
56. **[Measuring Model Biases in the Absence of Ground Truth ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462557)**Osman Aka, Ken Burke, Alex Bauerle et al.*18 citations*
57. **[An AI Ethics Course Highlighting Explicit Ethical Agents ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462552)**Nancy Green*17 citations*
58. **[Examining Religion Bias in AI Text Generators ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462469)**Deepa Muralidhar*17 citations*
59. **[FaiR-N: Fair and Robust Neural Networks for Structured Data ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462559)**Shubham Sharma, Alan H. Gee, David Paydarfar et al.*17 citations*
60. **[A Framework for Understanding AI-Induced Field Change: How AI Technologies are Legitimized and Institutionalized ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462591)**Benjamin Cedric Larsen*16 citations*
61. **[AI Alignment and Human Reward ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462570)**Patrick Butlin*16 citations*
62. **[Ethical Implementation of Artificial Intelligence to Select Embryos in In Vitro Fertilization ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462589)**Michael Anis Mihdi Afnan, Cynthia D Rudin, Vincent Conitzer et al.*16 citations*
63. **[Algorithmic Audit of Italian Car Insurance: Evidence of Unfairness in Access and Pricing ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462569)**Alessandro Fabris, Alan Mishler, Stefano Gottardi et al.*15 citations*
64. **[A Human-in-the-loop Framework to Construct Context-aware Mathematical Notions of Outcome Fairness ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462583)**Mohammad Yaghini, Andreas Krause, Hoda Heidari*14 citations*
65. **[Fairness and Data Protection Impact Assessments ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462528)**Atoosa Kasirzadeh, Damian Clifford*14 citations*
66. **[Quantum Fair Machine Learning ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462611)**Elija Perrier*14 citations*
67. **[Who Gets What, According to Whom? An Analysis of Fairness Perceptions in Service Allocation ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462568)**Jacqueline Hannan, Huei-Yen Winnie Chen, Kenneth Joseph*14 citations*
68. **[A Multi-Agent Approach to Combine Reasoning and Learning for an Ethical Behavior ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462515)**Rémy Chaput, Jérémy Duval, Olivier Boissier et al.*13 citations*
69. **[Becoming Good at AI for Good ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462599)**Meghana Kshirsagar, Caleb Robinson, Siyu Yang et al.*13 citations*
70. **[Measuring Group Advantage: A Comparative Study of Fair Ranking Metrics ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462588)**Caitlin Kuhlman, Walter Gerych, Elke Angelika Rundensteiner*13 citations*
71. **[Accounting for Model Uncertainty in Algorithmic Discrimination ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462630)**Junaid Ali, Preethi Lahoti, Krishna P. Gummadi*12 citations*
72. **[Co-design and Ethical Artificial Intelligence for Health ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462537)**Joseph Donia, Jay Shaw*12 citations*
73. **[Face Mis-ID: An Interactive Pedagogical Tool Demonstrating Disparate Accuracy Rates in Facial Recognition ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462627)**Daniella Raz, Corinne Bintz, Vivian Guetler et al.*12 citations*
74. **[Are AI Ethics Conferences Different and More Diverse Compared to Traditional Computer Science Conferences? ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462616)**Daniel Ernesto Acuna, Lizhen Liang*11 citations*
75. **[Fair Equality of Chances for Prediction-based Decisions ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462613)**Michele Loi, Anders Herlitz, Hoda Heidari*11 citations*
76. **[Hard Choices and Hard Limits in Artificial Intelligence ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462539)**Bryce Goodman*11 citations*
77. **[Rawlsian Fair Adaptation of Deep Learning Classifiers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462592)**Kulin Shah, Pooja Gupta, Amit Deshpande et al.*11 citations*
78. **[The Coloniality of Data Work in Latin America ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462471)**Julian Posada*11 citations*
79. **[Learning to Generate Fair Clusters from Demonstrations ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462558)**Sainyam Galhotra, Sandhya Saisubramanian, Shlomo Zilberstein B*10 citations*
80. **[The Earth Is Flat and the Sun Is Not a Star: The Susceptibility of GPT-2 to Universal Adversarial Triggers ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462578)**Hunter Scott Heidenreich, Jake Ryland Williams*10 citations*
81. **[Comparing Equity and Effectiveness of Different Algorithms in an Application for the Room Rental Market ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462600)**David Solans, Francesco Fabbri, Caterina Calsamiglia et al.*9 citations*
82. **[Ethically Compliant Planning within Moral Communities ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462522)**Samer B. Nashed, Justin Svegliato, Shlomo Zilberstein B*9 citations*
83. **[Fair Machine Learning Under Partial Compliance ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462521)**Jessica C. Dai, Sina Fazelpour, Zachary C. Lipton*9 citations*
84. **[Machine Learning and the Meaning of Equal Treatment ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462556)**Joshua Simons, Sophia Adams Bhatti, Adrian Weller*9 citations*
85. **[Differentially Private Normalizing Flows for Privacy-Preserving Density Estimation ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462625)**Chris Waites, Rachel Cummings*8 citations*
86. **[Epistemic Reasoning for Machine Ethics with Situation Calculus ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462586)**Maurice Pagnucco, David Rajaratnam, Raynaldio Limarga et al.*8 citations*
87. **[GAEA: Graph Augmentation for Equitable Access via Reinforcement Learning ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462615)**Govardana Sachithanandam Ramachandran, Ivan Brugere, Lav R. Varshney et al.*8 citations*
88. **[Precarity: Modeling the Long Term Effects of Compounded Decisions on Individual Instability ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462529)**Pegah Nokhiz, Aravinda Kanchana Ruwanpathirana, Neal Patwari et al.*7 citations*
89. **[RAWLSNET: Altering Bayesian Networks to Encode Rawlsian Fair Equality of Opportunity ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462618)**David Liu, Zohair Shafi, Will Fleisher et al.*7 citations*
90. **[Trustworthy AI for the People? ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462470)**Clàudia Figueras, Harko Verhagen, Teresa Cerratto Pargman*7 citations*
91. **[Digital Voodoo Dolls ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462626)**Marija Slavkovik, Clemens Stachl, Caroline Pitman et al.*6 citations*
92. **[Measuring Model Fairness under Noisy Covariates: A Theoretical Perspective ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462603)**Flavien Prost, Pranjal Awasthi, Nick Blumm et al.*6 citations*
93. **[Person, Human, Neither ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462567)**Pınar Barlas, Kyriakos Kyriakou, Styliani Kleanthous et al.*6 citations*
94. **[Skilled and Mobile: Survey Evidence of AI Researchers' Immigration Preferences ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462617)**Remco Zwetsloot, Baobao Zhang, Noemi Dreksler et al.*6 citations*
95. **[Who's Responsible? Jointly Quantifying the Contribution of the Learning Algorithm and Data ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462574)**Gal Yona, Amirata Ghorbani, James Zou*6 citations*
96. **[Moral Disagreement and Artificial Intelligence ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462534)**Pamela Robinson*5 citations*
97. **[The Ethical Gravity Thesis: Marrian Levels and the Persistence of Bias in Automated Decision-making Systems ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462606)**Atoosa Kasirzadeh, Colin Klein*4 citations*
98. **[Beyond Reasonable Doubt ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462575)**Michiel A. Bakker, Duy Patrick Tu, Krishna P. Gummadi et al.*3 citations*
99. **[Designing Shapelets for Interpretable Data-Agnostic Classification ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462553)**Riccardo Guidotti, Anna Monreale*3 citations*
100. **[Feeding the Beast: Superintelligence, Corporate Capitalism and the End of Humanity ↗](https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462581)**Dominic Leggett*3 citations*

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